Résumés
Résumé
La population policière est régulièrement exposée à des évènements à potentiel traumatique. Elle est de ce fait plus à risque de développer divers troubles de santé mentale. La présence féminine ne cesse de croître à travers les organisations policières canadiennes, bien que les femmes demeurent minoritaires. Même si la prévalence de certains troubles de santé mentale varie en fonction du genre dans la population générale, peu d’études s’y intéressent dans la population policière. Pour ces raisons, il est primordial d’acquérir une compréhension approfondie des différences de genre dans le contexte de la santé mentale policière. La présente revue narrative vise à faire état des connaissances empiriques en ce qui a trait aux différences de genre en contexte de santé mentale policière. En somme, la littérature scientifique suggère que les hommes et les femmes présentent des profils cliniques distincts. Par exemple, les femmes policières sont plus à risque de développer des troubles anxieux et dépressifs. Les hommes policiers, quant à eux, ont plus de chance de développer un trouble lié à l’usage de substance. La documentation scientifique suggère également des résultats partagés quant au trouble de stress post-traumatique. En effet, les policières semblent davantage user de stratégies d’adaptation positive et s’appuyer sur leur soutien social, qui s’avèrent être d’importants facteurs de protection. Cet article permet d’approfondir la compréhension des différences et similitudes entre le vécu des hommes et des femmes policiers, outillant les personnes cliniciennes à mieux dépister certaines difficultés et à adapter leurs interventions cliniques afin de soutenir le bien-être de ces travailleurs.
Mots-clés :
- genre,
- santé mentale,
- policiers et policières,
- hommes et femmes
Abstract
Police officers are regularly exposed to potentially traumatic events. As a result, they are at greater risk of developing various mental disorders. The presence of women is steadily increasing across Canadian police organizations, yet they remain a minority. Although the prevalence of certain mental disorders varies by gender in the general population, few studies have focused on the topic within policing. As such, it is crucial to gain a thorough understanding of gender differences in the context of police mental health. This narrative review aims to present the empirical knowledge regarding gender differences in police mental health. In short, the scientific literature suggests that men and women present distinct clinical profiles. For example, women police officers are more at risk of developing anxiety and depressive disorders. Men police officers, on the other hand, are more likely to develop substance use disorders. The scientific literature also suggests mixed results regarding post-traumatic stress disorder. Indeed, women police officers appear to make greater use of positive coping strategies and rely more heavily on their social support networks, which prove to be important protective factors. The current review offers a more in depth and nuanced understanding of the differences and similarities between men and women working in policing, equipping clinicians to better identify certain difficulties and adapt their clinical interventions to support the well-being of these workers.
Keywords:
- gender,
- mental health,
- police officers,
- men and women
Parties annexes
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