Résumés
Résumé
Le trouble du spectre de l’autisme (TSA) altère significativement la façon dont les enfants entrent en relation avec leur entourage. Cette étude s’intéresse aux facteurs impliqués dans les interactions sociales de 10 jeunes enfants âgés de 24 à 48 mois présentant un diagnostic de TSA en contexte naturel d’interactions avec leur parent. Cette étude se base sur l’observation directe et vise à analyser les comportements sociaux, à mesurer la sensibilité sociale des enfants et à explorer les facteurs susceptibles d’influencer les interactions sociales entre le parent et l’enfant. Plus spécifiquement, cette étude s’intéresse au contexte d’interaction, soit le jeu libre ou l’intervention ciblant la communication sociale, et le niveau de fonctionnement de l’enfant, soit le niveau de sévérité du TSA et le niveau des comportements adaptatifs. Les résultats suggèrent que les jeunes enfants ayant un TSA sont sensibles à l’attention sociale de leur parent, que le contexte d’intervention parentale favorise l’émergence des comportements sociaux, et que les caractéristiques individuelles des enfants influencent les interactions et la sensibilité sociales.
Mots-clés :
- Trouble du spectre de l’autisme,
- sensibilité sociale,
- interactions parent-enfant,
- loi généralisée de l’appariement,
- intervention
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) interferes significantly with how children interact with their relatives. This study focuses on factors involved in social interactions of 10 young children between the ages of 24 to 48 months presenting with ASD in a natural context of interaction with a parent. The study is based on direct observations and aims to analyse social behaviours, measure the social sensitivity of children and to explore individual factors in children that may influence social interaction between the child and his parent. Specifically, this study focuses on the context of intervention, namely free play and intervention targeting social communication, as well as the level of functioning of the children, namely the level of severity of the ASD and the level of adaptive skills. Results suggest that children presenting with ASD are sensitive to social attention from their parent, that the context of parental intervention is beneficial for appropriate social behaviours, and that children’s individual characteristics influence social interactions and sensitivity.
Keywords:
- Autism spectrum disorder,
- Social sensitivity,
- Parent-child interaction,
- Generalized matching law,
- Intervention
Parties annexes
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