Résumés
Résumé
Nous explorons les collaborations récurrentes des PME impliquées dans les projets innovants financés par la politique des pôles de compétitivité. Nous caractérisons ces PME ainsi que leurs logiques de collaboration, en analysant leurs positions au sein du réseau national résultant de cette politique. Mobilisant une base de 549 projets, nous montrons que ces PME, aux profils variés, sont actives dans l’ensemble des grappes innovantes du réseau, sans cependant jouer un rôle décisif dans l’interconnexion des grappes. La diversité de leurs logiques collaboratives (couplant des proximités et des activités d’intermédiation différentes) leur permet néanmoins de contribuer à structurer le réseau d’ensemble.
Mots-clés :
- PME,
- réseau,
- pôle de compétitivité,
- proximité,
- innovation ouverte
Abstract
This paper investigates collaborations implemented by SMEs recurrently taking part to collaborative R&D projects supported by the French cluster policy. We characterize those SMEs and their collaborative patterns based on their respective positions among (but also between) innovative cohesive groups. Thanks to social network analytical methods applied to 549 R&D projects, we show that collaborative SMEs are heterogeneous, yet involved in all the innovative cohesive groups of the network, without playing a decisive role in interconnecting those groups. The diversity of their collaborative logics (coupling different proximities and intermediation activities) however allows them to structure the national innovation network.
Keywords:
- SME,
- network,
- competitiveness cluster,
- proximity,
- open innovation
Resumen
Estamos estudiando las colaboraciones recurrentes de las PYMES que participan en proyectos innovadores financiados por la política de clusters de competitividad. Caracterizamos estas PYMES y sus lógicas de colaboración, analizando sus posiciones dentro de la red nacional resultante de esta política. Movilizando una base de 549 proyectos, mostramos que estas PYMES, con perfiles variados, son activas en todos los clusters innovadores de la red, sin por ello desempeñar un role decisivo en la interconexión de los clusters. No obstante, la diversidad de sus lógicas de colaboración (acoplando diferentes proximidades y actividades de intermediación) les permite contribuir a la estructuración de la red global.
Palabras clave:
- PYMES,
- red,
- cluster de competitividad,
- proximidad,
- innovación abierta
Parties annexes
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