Résumés
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to analyse the influence of social media participation on academic performance. The sample consisted of 1960 students taking one of two courses at undergraduate or postgraduate level, respectively (Faculty of Education, National Distance Education University, Spain), of whom 411 students carried out an activity based on social media participation. We used a mixed quantitative (descriptive analysis and ANOVA) and qualitative (content analysis) design. Our results showed that the students who participated in a social media-based activity presented better academic performance than those who did not carry out any activity or who took part in a more traditional learning activity. We conclude that regardless of educational level, social media participation exerts a positive influence on performance. Consequently, it is important to consider the variable of social networking site use because this can partially explain academic performance. We also found that the networks generated during the course did not constitute stable communities of practice. Our main recommendation is that three stages of instruction should be considered when designing a course based on social media participation: beginners, intermediate, and professional.
Keywords:
- Social participation,
- Twitter,
- academic performance,
- educational level
Parties annexes
Bibliography
- Al-Bahrani, A., Patel, D., & Sheridan, B. J. (2017). Have economic educators embraced social media as a teaching tool? The Journal of Economic Education, 48(1), 45-50. doi: 10.1080/00220485.2016.1252290
- Alhazmi, A. K., & Rahman, A. A. (2014). Framework for student engagement in social networking sites. 18th Pacific Asia Conference on Information Systems. Chengdu, China.
- Alloway, T. P., Horton, J., Alloway, R. G., & Dawson, C. (2013). Social networking sites and cognitive abilities: Do they make you smarter? Computers & Education, 63, 10-16. doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2012.10.030
- Al-Rahmi, W. M., Othman, M. S., & Yusuf, L. M. (2015). The role of social media for collaborative learning to improve academic performance of students and researchers in Malaysian higher education. International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 16(4), 177-204. Retrieved from http://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/view/2326
- Asterhan, C., & Bouton, E. (2017). Teenage peer-to-peer knowledge sharing through social network sites in secondary schools. Computers & Education, 110, 16-34. doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2017.03.007
- Balakrishnan, V., & Lay, G. G. (2016). Students' learning styles and their effects on the use of social media technology for learning. Telematics and Informatics, 33(3), 808-821. doi: 10.1016/j.tele.2015.12.004
- Bellur, S., Nowaka, K. L., & Hullb, K. S. (2015). Make it our time: In class multitaskers have lower academic performance. Computers in Human Behavior, 53, 63-70. doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2015.06.027
- Blight, M. G., Ruppel, E. K., & Schoenbauer, K. V. (2017). Sense of community on Twitter and Instagram: exploring the roles of motives and parasocial relationships. Cyberpsychology. Behavior, and Social Networking, 20(5), 314-319. doi: 10.1089/cyber.2016.0505
- Bond, R. M., Chykina, V., & Jones, J.J. (2017). Social network effects on academic achievement. The Social Science Journal, 54(4), 438-449. doi: 10.1016/j.soscij.2017.06.001
- Bonk, C. J., Wisher, R. A., & Nigrelli, M. L. (2006). Learning communities, communities of practice: Principles, technologies, and examples. In K. Littleton, D. Faulkner, & D. Miell (Eds.), Learning to collaborate, collaborating to learn: Understanding and promoting educationally productive collaborative work (pp. 199-219). New York: NOVA Science.
- Bruns, A., & Stieglitzb, S. (2013). Towards more systematic twitter analysis: Metrics for tweeting activities. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 16(2), 91-108. doi: 10.1080/13645579.2012.756095
- Callaghan, N., & Bower, M. (2012). Learning through social networking sites – the critical role of the teacher. Educational Media International, 49(1), 1-17. doi: 10.1080/09523987.2012.662621
- Clarke, T., & Nelson, C. (2012). Classroom community pedagogical effectiveness, and learning outcomes associated with Twitter use in undergraduate marketing courses. Journal for Advancement of Marketing Education, 20(2), 1-10. Retrieved from http://bit.ly/2sOUAws
- Dahlstrom, E., & Bichsel, J. (2014). ECAR study of undergraduate students and information technology (Research Report). Louisville, CO: Educause Center for Analysis and Research.
- De-Marcos, L., García-López, E., & García-Cabot, A. (2017). On the effectiveness of game-like and social approaches in learning: Comparing educational gaming, gamification, & social networking. Computers & Education, 95, 99-113. doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2015.12.008
- Durak, G. (2017). Using social learning networks (SLNs) in higher education: Edmodo through the lenses of academics. International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 18(1). Retrieved from http://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/view/2623/4037
- Eid, M. M., & Al-Jabri, I. A. (2017). Social networking, knowledge sharing, and student learning: The case of university students. Computers & Education, 99, 14-27. doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.04.007
- Forbes, D. (2017). Professional online presence and learning networks: Educating for ethical use of social media. International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 18(7), 175-190. Retrieved from http://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/view/2826/4475
- Fox, A., & Bird, T. (2017). The challenge to professionals of using social media: Teachers in England negotiating personal-professional identities. Education and Information Technologies, 22(2), 647-675. Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10639-015-9442-0
- Gao, F., Luo, T., & Zhang, K. (2012). Tweeting for learning: A critical analysis of research on microblogging in education published in 2008-2011. British Journal of Educational Technology, 43(5), 783-801. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8535.2012.01357.x
- González-Ramírez, R., Gascó, J. L., & Llopis-Taverner, J. (2015). Facebook in teaching: Strengths and weaknesses. The International Journal of Information and Learning Technology, 32(1), 65-78. doi: 10.1108/IJILT-09-2014-0021
- Henrie, C. R., Bodily, R., Manwaring, K. C., & Graham; C. G. (2015). Exploring intensive longitudinal measures of student engagement in blended learning. International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 16(3), 131-155. Retrieved from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1067884.pdf
- Huang, C. (2018). Social network site use and academic achievement: A meta-analysis. Computers & Education, 119, 76-83. doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2017.12.010
- Johnson, L., Becker, S., Estrada, V., & Freeman, A. (2014). Informe de horizonte de New Media Consortium: Edición Educación Superior 2014 [The NMC Horizon Report: 2014 Higher Education Edition]. Austin, TX: The New Media Consortium.
- Jones, J., & Baltzersen, M. (2017). Using twitter for economics business case discussions in large lectures. International Review of Economics Education, 26, 14-18. doi: 10.1016/j.iree.2017.08.001
- Junco, R. (2015). Student class standing, Facebook use, and academic performance. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 36, 18-29. doi: 10.1016/j.appdev.2014.11.001
- Karal, H., & Kokoc, M. (2013). Social networking site usage among university students: Differences of educational level. Croatian Journal of Education, 15(3), 629-654. Retrieved from https://hrcak.srce.hr/109271
- Karpinski, A. C., Kirschner, P. A., Ozer, I., Mellott, J. A., & Ochwo, P. (2013) An exploration of social networking site use, multitasking, and academic performance among United States and European university students. Computers in Human Behavior, 29, 1182-1192. doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2012.10.011
- Khan, M. L., Wohn, D. Y., & Ellison, N. B. (2014). Actual friends matter: An internet skills perspective on teens' informal academic collaboration on Facebook. Computers & Education, 79, 138-147. doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2014.08.001
- Kirschner, P. A., & Karpinski, A. C. (2010). Facebook and academic performance. Computers in Human Behavior, 26(6), 1237-1245. doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2010.03.024
- Krasilnikov, A., & Smirnova, A. (2017). Online social adaptation of first-year students and their academic performance. Computers & Education, 113, 327-338. doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2017.05.012
- Kuznekoff, J. H., Munz, S., & Titsworth, S. (2015). Mobile phones in the classroom: Examining the effects of texting, twitter, and message content on student learning. Communication Education, 64(3), 344-365. doi: 10.1080/03634523.2015.1038727
- Lima, M., & Zorrilla, M.T. (2017). Social networks and the building of learning communities: An experimental study of a social MOOC. International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 18(1). Retrieved from http://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/view/2630/4039
- Liu, C., Chen, Y., & Tai, D. (2017). A social network analysis on elementary student engagement in the networked creation community. Computers & Education, 115, 14-125. doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2017.08.002
- Lupton, D. (2014). 'Feeling better connected': Academics' use of social media. Canberra: News & Media Research Centre, University of Canberra, Australia.
- Macià, M., & García, I. (2016). Informal online communities and networks as a source of teacher professional development: A review. Teaching and Teacher Education, 55, 291-307. doi: 10.1016/j.tate.2016.01.021
- Mamonov, S., Koufaris, M., & Benbunan-Fich, R. (2016). The role of the sense of community in the sustainability of social network sites. International Journal of Electronic Commerce, 470-498. doi: 10.1080/10864415.2016.1171974
- Mitchell, K., & Powell, C. (2011). Tweet it up! The use of social media in instructional design. In 2011 Conference of Housing Education and Research Association (pp. 156-161), Louisiana: Baton Rouge.
- Pascarella, E. T., & Terenzini, P. T. (2005). How college affects students. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
- Pasek, J., More, E., & Hargittai, E. (2009). Facebook and academic performance: Reconciling a media sensation with data. First Monday, 14(5). Retrieved from http://firstmonday.org/article/view/2498/2181
- Pattison, D. (2012). Participating in the online social culture. Knowledge Quest, 41(1), 70-72. Retrieved from https://aasl.digitellinc.com/aasl/sessions/374/view
- Paul, J. A., Baker, H. M., & Cochran, J. D. (2012). Effect of online social networking on student academic performance. Computers in Human Behavior, 28, 2117-2127. doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2012.06.016
- Putnik, G., Costa, E., Alves, C., Castro, H., Varela, L., & Shahl, V. (2016). Analysing the correlation between social network analysis measures and performance of students in social network-based engineering education. International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 26(3), 413-437. doi: 10.1007/s10798-015-9318-z
- Quansah, J. Y. D., Fiadzawoo, J. K., Kuunaangmen, C. K. (2016). Students' engagement in social media and its mainstay for teaching and learning. The case of the Wa Nursing Training College. American Journal of Educational Research, 4(13), 961-969. doi: 10.12691/education-4-13-8
- Rosen, L. D., Carrier, L. M., & Cheever, N. A. (2013). Facebook and texting made me do it: Media-induced task-switching while studying. Computers in Human Behavior, 29, 948-95. doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2012.12.001
- Santoveña, S. (2012). Teaching-learning process by synchronic communication tools: The Elluminate Live case. Electronic Journal of Research in Education, 10(26), 447-474. doi: 10.25115/ejrep.v10i26.1508
- Tur, G., & Marín, V. (2015). Enhancing learning with the social media: Student teachers' perceptions on Twitter in a debate activity. New Approaches in Educational Research, 4(1), 46-53. doi: 10.7821/naer.2015.1.102
- Wenger, E. (2001). Comunidades de práctica. Aprendizaje, significado e identidad [Communities of practice. Learning, meaning and identity]. Barcelona: Paidós.
- Wood, E., Zivcakova, L., Gentile, P., Archer, K., De Pasquale, D., & Nosko, A. (2012). Examining the impact of off-task multi-tasking with technology on real-time classroom learning. Computers & Education, 58, 365-374. doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2011.08.029
- Yu, A.Y., Tian, S.W., Vogel, D., & Kwok, R.C. (2010). Can learning be virtually boosted? An investigation of online social networking impacts. Computers & Education, 55, 1494-1503. doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2010.06.015