Résumés
Résumé
Dans un climat de conflits civils récurrents, le Kenya a vu s’accroître la violence locale et les razzias entre les communautés de pasteurs le long de son aride frontière nord. La violence transgresse les frontières et affecte les identités, qu’il s’agisse de personnes, de communautés ou de nations. Ce jeu de frontières, d’identités et de valeurs est illustré avec le compte rendu d’une attaque que les Turkana ont perpétrée en 1996 contre les Samburu et les Ariaal-Rendille à El Barta. Cette plaine d’El Barta, dont le toponyme signifie « le point de vue », fournit un « point de vue » sur la violence, sa nature, sa phénoménologie et ses liens avec l’État. Comme les forces de sécurité sont moins bien armées que certains groupes locaux et qu’elles sont compromises dans les conflits en cours, les communautés s’organisent par leurs propres moyens pour établir elles-mêmes l’équilibre de la terreur, générant ainsi un cycle de conflits.
Mots clés:
- Galaty,
- Afrique de l’Est,
- pasteurs nomades,
- conflit,
- guerre,
- violence,
- frontières,
- identité
Abstract
In the shadow of other civil conflicts, local violence and raiding has increased between pastoral communities along and across Kenya’s arid northern frontiers. Between persons, communities, or nations, violence transgresses boundaries and threatens identities contained. The interplay of boundaries, identities and values is illustrated with an account of the 1996 attack by the Turkana on Samburu and Ariaal Rendille at El Barta. Launched against plains locally called “The View”, this episode provides us a “view on violence”, its nature, phenomenology, and links to the state. With security forces intimidated by local weapons and implicated in local violence, communities are arming themselves to establish their own balance of terror, escalating local cycles of conflict.
Key words:
- Galaty,
- East Africa,
- pastoralists,
- conflict,
- warfare,
- violence,
- borderlands,
- identity
Parties annexes
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