Abstracts
Abstract
Loving Vincent (2017) functions as an adaptation in several interesting ways: narratively, the animated feature is a biopic that adapts Vincent van Gogh’s life, specifically the weeks leading up to his death. Visually, the film adapts the artist’s style through animation, employing van Gogh’s techniques, characters, and settings in order to flesh out and revise the events of his last days.
From the perspective of adaptation theory, Loving Vincent enacts a productive series of engagements with fidelity. This essay argues that the animation’s hyper-faithful mimicking of van Gogh’s aesthetics paves the way for its revisionist version of his death, one which departs significantly from previous historical accounts. These constructive plays with fidelity—remaining hyper-faithful to the artist’s style and aesthetics while simultaneously challenging plot-points of his death—rehearse the full and complex spectrum of fidelity in adaptation. Whether we, as critics, like it or not, concepts of fidelity (and the audience-expectations they enact) are issues confronted and engaged by every adaptation.
An engagement with the animated and narrative aspects of Loving Vincent suggests that rather than being prescriptive, concepts of fidelity can create a productive tension in an adaptation. The film’s animation constructs a visual fidelity that enables a free play with historical speculation that might otherwise jar viewers. Ironically, the film’s use of animation (meticulously reproducing van Gogh’s style) lends the text a level of realism and authority that smooths the genre play (the biopic is delivered in the form of a detective story) and revisionist history (adapted from the 2011 biography Van Gogh: The Life). In this way, we might see Loving Vincent’s animation as simultaneously establishing continuity and providing expansion and elaboration, to borrow terms from transmedia studies.
Keywords:
- Vincent van Gogh,
- fidelity,
- aesthetics,
- biopic,
- historical revision
Résumé
Selon certains point de vue, Loving Vincent (2017) se présenterait comme une adaptation: du point de vue narratif, ce long métrage animé serait un biopic qui adapterait la vie de Vincent van Gogh et, plus précisément, les semaines ayant précédé sa mort. Du point de vue visuel, le film adapte le style de l’artiste par le biais de l’animation, en employant les techniques, les personnages et les décors de van Gogh afin d’élaborer et de réviser les événements de ses derniers jours.
Du point de vue de la théorie de l'adaptation, Loving Vincent mettrait en œuvre une série productive d’idées de fidélité. Cet essai soutient que l’imitation hyper-fidèle de l’esthétique de van Gogh par l’animation ouvre la voie à une version révisionniste de son décès, qui s’écarte considérablement des récits historiques antérieurs. Ces jeux constructifs avec la fidélité—rester hyper-fidèle au style et à l’esthétique de l’artiste tout en remettant en question les points de l’intrigue concernant son décès—montrent le spectre complet et complexe de la fidélité dans l’adaptation. Que cela nous plaise ou non, en tant que critiques, les concepts de fidélité (et les attentes du public qu’ils suscitent) sont des questions auxquelles chaque adaptation est confrontée et dans lesquelles elle s'engage.
L’examen des aspects animés et narratifs de Loving Vincent suggère qu’au lieu d’être prescriptifs, les concepts de fidélité peuvent créer une tension productive dans une adaptation. L’animation du film construit une fidélité visuelle qui permet de jouer librement avec la spéculation historique, ce qui pourrait autrement déconcerter le public. Ironiquement, l’utilisation de l’animation dans le film (qui reproduit méticuleusement le style de Van Gogh) confère au texte un niveau de réalisme et d’autorité qui atténue le jeu de genre (le film biopic se présente sous la forme d’un roman policier) et l’histoire révisionniste (adaptée de la biographie Van Gogh : The Life, publiée en 2011). De cette manière, nous pourrions considérer que l’animation de Loving Vincent établit simultanément une continuité et fournit une expansion et une élaboration, pour emprunter des termes aux études transmédias.
Mots-clés :
- Vincent van Gogh,
- fidélité,
- esthétiques,
- biopic,
- révision
Appendices
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