Abstracts
Résumé
Les recherches sur le Jésus de l’histoire se sont concentrées récemment sur le contexte social de la Galilée d’Hérode Antipas, milieu qui fut aussi celui de Jésus de Nazareth. Deux positions séparent actuellement les spécialistes. La première, basée spécialement sur les modèles sociaux, présente, comme contexte de l’activité de Jésus, une Galilée déchirée par de graves conflits économiques et sociaux. La seconde, au contraire, se basant sur les données archéologiques disponibles, dessine le portrait d’une Galilée plutôt économiquement florissante au ier siècle. Galilée selon les modèles ou Galilée selon ce qu’en découvre l’archéologie sur le terrain ? L’article montre que l’interprétation de crise, issue des projections catastrophiques des modèles, n’est pas confirmée par les recherches archéologiques récentes.
Abstract
Recent research on historical Jesus has concentrated on the social context of Herod Antipas’ Galilee, the milieu of Jesus of Nazareth. Currently, two positions lead scholarly debates. The first, based on sociological models, presents a Galilee torn by serious economic and social conflicts as the context of Jesus’ activity. The second, based on the available archaeological evidence, portrays first century Galilee as rather economically prosperous. Galilee according to sociological theory or Galilee revealed by what archaeology has recovered from the ground ? This article shows that the interpretation of crisis, born of the catastrophizing projections of the models, is not confirmed by recent archaeological research.
Appendices
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