Abstracts
Résumé
Les professionnels de l’intervention psychosociale au Québec, dont les travailleurs sociaux, les psychologues et les psychoéducateurs, ont comme dénominateur commun d’offrir des services visant à améliorer le fonctionnement, la participation sociale et la qualité de vie des individus aux prises avec des difficultés d’adaptation ou des problèmes de santé mentale. Une intervention qui a de plus en plus de soutien empirique comme outil d’intervention psychosociale est l’activité physique. En fait, de nombreuses recherches ont permis de démontrer les bienfaits de l’activité physique auprès de populations desservies par les professionnels de l’intervention psychosociale.
Objectifs Ainsi, l’objectif principal de cette étude est de dresser un portrait de la place qu’occupe l’activité physique en intervention psychosociale, plus particulièrement en psychoéducation. Les objectifs spécifiques poursuivis sont : 1) d’évaluer la place qu’occupe l’activité physique dans la formation académique et continue des psychoéducateurs ; 2) de dresser un portrait de l’utilisation de l’activité physique dans la pratique des psychoéducateurs et les facteurs faisant obstacle à son utilisation ; 3) d’explorer si certaines variables influencent l’utilisation de l’activité physique par les psychoéducateurs.
Méthode En tout, 150 psychoéducateurs à travers le Québec (nombre d’années d’expérience : M = 11,2 ; ÉT = 9,1) ont répondu à un sondage en ligne. Des analyses descriptives, des probabilités conditionnelles, des analyses de chi-carré et des régressions logistiques ont été effectuées.
Résultats Les résultats suggèrent que l’activité physique figure toujours parmi les outils d’intervention des psychoéducateurs, avec un peu plus de 75 % des professionnels qui rapportent avoir utilisé l’activité physique dans le cadre de leur pratique. En contrepartie, très peu de psychoéducateurs ont obtenu de la formation académique ou continue sur cet outil d’intervention. L’utilisation de l’activité physique ne semble pas différer selon les clientèles avec lesquelles les psychoéducateurs travaillent, mais elle est positivement et significativement prédite par le nombre d’années d’expérience des professionnels.
Conclusion Considérant les nombreux bienfaits associés à l’activité physique, les résultats de la présente étude incitent à une réflexion quant à la place qu’occupe l’activité physique dans l’intervention psychosociale ainsi qu’à la formation offerte aux professionnels en lien avec cet outil d’intervention. Ensemble, les résultats de la littérature scientifique et de notre étude soulignent que l’activité physique peut servir d’outil d’intervention psychosocial. Toutefois, afin d’éviter qu’une utilisation inadéquate produise des effets iatrogènes chez leurs clients, il importe de poursuivre de tels projets de recherches afin d’assurer que les professionnels aient la formation et l’encadrement nécessaire pour une implantation sécuritaire et efficace.
Mots-clés :
- intervention psychosociale,
- sport,
- exercice,
- savoir,
- psychoéducateur
Abstract
The provision of services that improve the functioning, social participation and quality of life of individuals with behavioral or mental health problems is a common denominator amongst psychosocial professionals in Quebec, including social workers, psychologists and psychoeducators. One intervention that has gained empirical support as an intervention tool is physical activity. In fact, numerous studies have demonstrated the benefits of physical activity for many populations with whom psychosocial professionals work.
Objectives Thus, the primary objective of this study was to understand the role physical activity plays in psychosocial intervention, specifically in the field of psychoeducation. The specific objectives of this study are (1) to assess how physical activity spans out in the academic and continuing education of psychoeducators, (2) establish the use of physical activity, and (3) to explore whether certain variables influence the use of physical activity by psychoeducators.
Method A total of 150 psychoeducators across Quebec (years of experience: M = 11.2; SD = 9.1) completed an online survey. Descriptive statistics, conditional probability, chi-square, analyses, and logistic regression were performed.
Results The results suggest that physical activity is an intervention tool used by psychoeducators, with just over 75% of professionals reporting having used physical activity in their practice. However, very few psychoeducators have received academic or continuing education pertaining to this intervention tool. The use of physical activity was not found to differ across clienteles with whom psychoeducators worked, but was positively and significantly predicted by the number of years of experience of the professionals.
Conclusion Considering the numerous benefits associated with physical activity, the results of the present study emphasize the need to reflect on physical activity in psychosocial intervention and on the training offered to professionals in relation to the use of this tool. Taken together, the results of the scientific literature and our study highlight that physical activity can be used as an intervention tool by psychosocial professionals. However, in order to avoid iatrogenic outcomes resulting from inappropriate use of physical activity, further research is needed to ensure that professionals have the necessary training and supervision for safe and effective implementation.
Keywords:
- psychosocial intervention,
- sport,
- exercise,
- knowledge,
- psychoeducator
Appendices
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