ror.org/00kybxq39
Abstracts
Résumé
Objectif Cet article présente une recension des écrits sur l’impact de la légalisation du cannabis récréatif sur la santé mentale et s’inscrit dans le contexte des politiques canadiennes récemment adoptées à cet égard.
Méthode Cette recension a été effectuée dans la base de données PubMed en utilisant la combinaison de termes associés au cannabis, à la légalisation et à la santé mentale. Deux évaluateurs indépendants ont ensuite examiné 272 titres et résumés, puis ont conservé 11 articles.
Résultats À la suite de la révision des articles, nous constatons que la plupart des études ciblant la consommation de cannabis décrivent une prévalence croissante d’utilisateurs. Il est à noter qu’aucune étude n’a démontré une diminution de la consommation du cannabis après la légalisation. Parmi les 11 articles retenus, trois évaluent la perception des risques associés au cannabis (avant et après la légalisation). Deux d’entre eux montrent une diminution des risques perçus après la légalisation, alors que le troisième décrit l’inverse. Quelques études ont également analysé l’impact de la légalisation du cannabis sur le nombre de visites à l’urgence générale et elles montrent toutes une augmentation du nombre de visites associées au cannabis. Cela dit, ces résultats sont simplement observationnels et sont à mettre en perspective avec les tendances qui prévalaient déjà avant la légalisation du cannabis.
Conclusion Cette recension des écrits montre qu’il existe un nombre limité d’études concernant l’impact de la légalisation du cannabis récréatif sur les troubles en santé mentale. Il serait donc intéressant de poursuivre les recherches sur ce sujet.
Mots-clés :
- cannabis,
- marijuana,
- THC,
- légalisation,
- impact,
- consommation,
- santé mentale,
- psychiatrie
Abstract
Objectives To review the known impacts of recreational cannabis legalization on mental health and substance use, in the context of recent changes in the status of cannabis laws in Canada.
Methods PubMed database was systematically searched using various terms regarding mental health and cannabis legalization. Two independent investigators then assessed a total of 272 titles and abstracts and 11 articles were ultimately found eligible for review.
Results Most studies measuring the impact of legalization on cannabis use showed an increase in cannabis use after the legalization. Moreover, no study demonstrated a reduction of cannabis use after legalization of recreational cannabis. All three studies regarding health care contacts demonstrated an increase in the number of cannabis-related emergency department visits after cannabis legalization. Two studies revealed reduction of perceived risks associated with cannabis after legalization, while another study offered opposite results. To interpret these observational results accurately, we also need to consider the long-term trends that prevailed before the changes in cannabis laws.
Conclusions The quantity of evidence on the impacts of recreational cannabis legalization on mental health and substance use is limited. Further research is needed to strengthen these results and explore the effects of cannabis legalization on other mental health issues such as psychosis.
Keywords:
- Cannabis,
- Marijuana,
- THC,
- legalization,
- mental health,
- psychiatry,
- substance use
Appendices
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