Abstracts
Résumé
Dans cet article, l’auteur aborde les dimensions temporelles du suicide en tenant compte des multiples approches existantes — physiologie circadienne, épidémiologie psychiatrique ou sociologie du suicide — mais en privilégiant une perspective socio anthropologique. À partir de cette perspective, le suicide est examiné tel un phénomène social qui s’inscrit dans le temps. En partant d’une préoccupation propre à l’anthropologie du temps, soit la relation entre le temps de la nature et le temps de la société, l’auteur aborde un des thèmes clés de l’étude du suicide déjà énoncé par Durkheim, soit la relation entre le changement qui est une expression de base du passage du temps et le suicide. Après avoir présenté différentes contributions scientifiques sur le sujet, l’auteur propose une hypothèse permettant d’intégrer l’influence du temps relié aux phénomènes naturels (les rythmes cosmo-biologiques) et celle du temps relié aux phénomènes sociaux (rythmes politico-économiques) en relation avec le suicide et ce à partir de la théorie de Gabennesch portant sur les « promesses non tenues ».
Abstract
In this article, the author examines the temporal dimensions of suicide by taking into account the multiple existing approaches—circadian physiology, psychiatric or sociological epidemiology of suicide—however promoting a socio-anthropological perspective. From this perspective, suicide is examined as a social phenomenon inscribed in time. By beginning with a concern that is characteristic of anthropology of time, knowingly the relation between time of nature and time of society, the author addresses a key issue of the study of suicide already elaborated by Durkheim, in the relation between change that is a basic expression of the passage of time and suicide. After presenting different scientific contributions on the subject, the author proposes an hypothesis allowing integration of the influence of time related to natural phenomenon (cosmobiological rhythms) and the relation of time to social phenomenon (politico-economic rhythms) in relation with suicide and this, according to Gabennesch’s theory of “failed promises.”
Resumen
En este artículo el autor aborda las dimensiones temporales del suicidio teniendo en cuenta los múltiples enfoques existentes – fisiología circadiana, epidemiología psiquiátrica o sociología del suicidio – pero privilegiando una perspectiva socio-antropológica. A partir de esta perspectiva, se examina el suicidio como un fenómeno social inscrito en el tiempo. Partiendo de una preocupación propia de la antropología del tiempo – es decir, la relación entre el tiempo de la naturaleza y el tiempo de la sociedad – el autor aborda uno de los temas clave del estudio del suicidio anteriormente enunciado por Durkheim, o sea la relación entre el cambio, que es una expresión de base del paso del tiempo, y el suicidio. Después de haber presentado diferentes contribuciones científicas acerca del tema, el autor propone una hipótesis que permite integrar la influencia del tiempo asociado a los fenómenos naturales (los ritmos cosmo-biológicos) y la influencia del tiempo relacionado a los fenómenos sociales (ritmos político-económicos) en relación con el suicidio. Esto a partir de la teoría de Gabennesch sobre las “promesas rotas”.
Resumo
Neste artigo, o autor aborda as dimensões temporais do suicídio, levando em consideração as múltiplas abordagens existentes – a psicologia circadiana, epidemiologia psiquiátrica ou sociologia do suicídio – mas, privilegiando uma perspectiva socioantropológica. A partir desta perspectiva, o suicídio é examinado como um fenômeno social, que inscreve-se no tempo. Partindo de uma preocupação própria à antropologia do tempo, ou seja, a relação entre o tempo da natureza e o tempo da sociedade, o autor aborda um dos temas principais do estudo do suicídio já enunciado por Durkheim: a relação entre a mudança que é uma expressão de base da passagem do tempo e o suicídio. Depois de apresentar diferentes contribuições científicas sobre o assunto, o autor propõe uma hipótese que permite integrar a influência do tempo relacionado aos fenômenos naturais (ritmos cosmobiológicos) e a do tempo relacionada aos fenômenos sociais (ritmos politicoeconômicos) em relação com o suicídio a partir da teoria de Gabennesch que trata das “promessas não cumpridas”.
Appendices
Références
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