Abstracts
Résumé
Dans cet article, les auteurs tentent d’illustrer comment les questions liées à l’attachement sont au coeur de la psychothérapie focalisée sur le transfert (PFT), une psychothérapie psychodynamique manualisée pour le traitement des personnes ayant un trouble de la personnalité limite (TPL). Les auteurs mettent en évidence que la façon dont le psychothérapeute prend conscience de ces questions liées à l’attachement peut l’aider à mieux comprendre les processus psychopathologiques occasionnés par les troubles de l’attachement et, plus particulièrement, comment le lien patient-thérapeute peut favoriser la désorganisation de l’attachement ou la gêner passablement.
Abstract
This paper illustrates the centrality of attachment issues in a manualized psychodynamic psychotherapy for BPD, Transference-focused psychotherapy (TFP). The focus is on how the psychotherapist’s awareness of these issues may advance the understanding of psychopathological processes mediated by attachment disorganization, and in particular how the patient-therapist match may foster or impede disorganized attachment.
Resumen
En este artículo los autores intentan ilustrar la manera en que las cuestiones relacionadas con el apego se encuentran en el centro de la psicoterapia focalizada en la transferencia (PFT), una psicoterapia psicodinámica hecha manual para el tratamiento de las personas con un trastorno de la personalidad límite (TPL). Los autores ponen en evidencia que la forma en la que el psicoterapeuta toma conciencia de las cuestiones relacionadas con el apego puede ayudarle a comprender mejor los procesos psicopatológicos ocasionados por los trastornos de apego y, en particular, la manera como el lazo paciente-terapeuta puede favorecer la desorganización del apego o entorpecerlo bastante.
Resumo
Neste artigo, os autores tentam ilustrar como as questões ligadas ao apego estão no centro da psicoterapia focalizada na transferência (PFT), uma psicoterapia psicodinâmica manualizada para o tratamento das pessoas que sofrem de um transtorno da personalidade borderline (TPB). Os autores evidenciam que a maneira como o psicoterapeuta toma consciência destas questões ligadas ao apego pode ajudá-lo a melhor compreender os processos psicopatológicos ocasionados pelos transtornos do apego e, principalmente, como a relação paciente/ terapeuta pode favorecer a desorganização do apego ou atrapalhá-lo razoavelmente.
Appendices
Références
-
American Psychiatric Association, 1994, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th ed., American Psychiatric Association, Washington D.C.10.1037/0736-9735.18.3.427 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Auerbach, J. S., Blatt, S. J., 2001, Self-reflexivity, intersubjectivity, and therapeutic change, Psychoanalytic Psychology, 18, 427-450.10.1037/0736-9735.18.3.427 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Bateman, A., Fonagy, P., 2004, Psychotherapy for Borderline Personality Disorder : Mentalization-based Treatment, Oxford University Press, New York.10.1521/pedi.15.6.487.19190 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Blatt, S. J., Auerbach, J. S., 2001, Mental representation, severe psychopathology, and the therapeutic process, Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 49, 113-159.10.1177/00030651010490010201 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Blizard, R., 2001, A Masochistic and sadistic ego states : Dissociative solutions to the dilemma of attachment to an abusive caretaker, Journal of Trauma and Dissociation, 2, 4, 2001, 37-58.10.1037/0022-006X.64.1.22 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Bowlby, J., 1969, Attachment and Loss, vol. 1, Attachment, Basic Books, New York.10.1080/07351699909534264 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Bowlby, J., 1973, Attachment and Loss, vol. 2, Separation, Basic Books, New York.10.1080/07351692309349042 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Bowlby, J., 1975, Attachment theory, separation theory, and mourning, in David A. Hamburg, D. A., Brodie, K.H., eds, American Handbook of Psychiatry, 2nd edition, VI, New Psychiatric Frontiers, chapter 14, 292-309.10.1002/jclp.20239 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Clarkin, J. F., Foelsch, P. A., Levy, K. N., Hull, J. W., Delaney, J. C., Kernberg, O. F., 2001, The development of a psychoanalytic treatment for patient with borderline personality disorder : A preliminary study of behavioral change, Journal of Personality Disorders, 15, 487-495.10.1521/pedi.15.6.487.19190 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Clarkin, J. F., Yeomans, F., Kernberg, O. F., 2006, Psychotherapy for Borderline Personality : Focusing on Object Relations, American Psychiatric Publishing, Washington, DC.10.1080/07351699909534275 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Diamond, D., Clarkin, J., Levy, K. N., Levine, H., Kotov, H., 1999, The Patient Therapist Adult Attachment Interview (PT-AAI), unpublished manuscript, Department of Psychology, City University of New York.10.1037/0033-3204.41.4.472 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Diamond, D., Clarkin, J. F., Stovall-McClough, C., Levy, K. N., Foelsch, P., Levine, H., Yeomans, F., 2002, Patient-therapist attachment : impact on the therapeutic process and outcome, in Cortina, M., Marone, M., eds., Attachment Theory and the Psychoanalytic Process, Whurr Press, London10.1080/07351699909534267 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Diamond, D., Stovall-McClough, C., Clarkin, J., Levy, K., 2003, Patient-Therapist Adult Attachment Scoring and Classification Systems, Department of Psychology, The City University of New York, Unpublished research manual.10.1300/J229v02n04_05 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Dozier, M., Tyrrell, C., 1998, The role of attachment in the therapeutic relationship, in Simpson, J. A., Rhodes, W.S., eds., Attachment Theory and Close Relationship, Guilford Press, New York.10.1017/S0954579499002035 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Dozier, M., Chase Stovall, K, Albus, K. E., 1999, Attachment and psychopathology in adulthood, in Cassidy, J., Shaver, P., eds., Handbook of Attachment, Guilford Press, New York, 497-519.10.1111/1467-8624.00176 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Eagle, M., 2003, Clinical implications of attachment theory, Psychoanalytic Inquiry, 23, 12-27.10.1080/07351692309349025 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Fonagy, P., 1991, Thinking about thinking, International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 72, 639-656.
10.7202/016507ar Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Fonagy, P., Leigh, T., Steele, M., Steele, H., Kennedy, R., Mattoon, G., Target, M., Gerber, A., 1996, The relation of attachment status, psychiatric classification and response to psychotherapy, Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 64, 22-31.10.1037/0022-006X.64.1.22 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Fonagy, P., Steele, M., Steele, H., Target, M., 1997, Reflective-Functioning Manual : Version 4.1. For Application to the Adult Attachment Interviews, unpublished manuscript, University College, London.10.1093/med:psych/9780198527664.001.0001 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Fonagy, P., 1999, Psychoanalytic theory from the viewpoint of attachment theory and research, in Cassidy, J., Shaver, P.R., eds., Handbook of Attachment : Theory, Research, and Clinical Applications, Guilford Press, New York, 595-625.10.1300/J229v02n04_03 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Fonagy, P., 1999, Points of contact and divergence between psychoanalytic and attachment theories : Is Psychoanalytic theory truly different, Psychoanalytic Inquiry, 448-481.10.1080/07351699909534264 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Fonagy, P., 2001, Attachment Theory and Psychoanalysis, Other Press, New York.Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Fonagy, Gergeley, G., Jurist, E., Target, M., 2002, Affect Regulation, Mentalization, and the Development of the Self, Other Press, New York.Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Fonagy, P., Target, M., Gergely, G, Allen, J., Bateman, A., 2001, The developmental roots of borderline personality disorder in early attachment relationships : A theory and some evidence, Psychoanalytic Inquiry, 23, 3, 412-459.10.1080/07351692309349042 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Freud, S., 1913, On Beginning the Treatment, S.E., 13.Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
George, C., Kaplan, N., Main, M., 1985, The Berkeley Adult Attachment Interview, Unpublished protocol, Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley.Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Gold, S., 2000, Not Trauma Alone : Therapy for Child Abuse Survivors in Family and Social Context, SE, The Series in Trauma and Loss, Brunner-Routledge, New York.Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Grossman, K., Grossmann, K., Waters, E., 2006, Attachment from Infancy to Adulthood : The Major Longitudinal Studies, Guilford Press, New York.Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Hesse, E., 1999, The adult attachment interview, in Cassidy, J., Shaver, P. R., eds., Handbook of Attachment : Theory, Research and Clinical Applications, Guilford Press, New York.Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Hesse, E., Main, M., Abrams, Kelly. Y., Rifkin, A., sous presse, Unresolved states regarding loss or abuse can have “second generation” effects : disorganization, role inversion, and frightening ideation in the offspring of traumatized, non-maltreating parents.Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Holmes, J., 1996, Attachment, Intimacy and Autonomy : Using Attachment Theory in Adult Psychotherapy, Jason Aronson, Northvale, New Jersey.10.1037/t03490-000 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Holmes, J., 1995, Something there is that doesn’t love a wall : John Bowlby, attachment theory and psychoanalysis, in Goldberg, S., Muir, R., Kerr, J., eds., Attachment Theory : Social, Developmental and Clinical Perspectives, Analytic Press, Hillsdale, New Jersey, 19-43.Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Holmes, J., 2004, The Search for the Secure Base : Attachment Theory and Psychotherapy, Brunner Routledge, New York.Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Kernberg, O. F., 1975, Borderline Conditions and Pathological Narcissism, Jason Aronson, New York.Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Kernberg, O. F., 1976, Object Relations Theory and Clinical Psychoanalysis, Jason Aronson, New York.Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Kernberg, O. F., 1984, Severe Personality Disorders, Yale University Press, New Haven.10.1037/t02879-000 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Koenigsberg, H., Kernberg, O., Appelbaum, A., Stone, M., Yeomans, F., Diamond, D., 2000, Borderline Patients : Extending the Limits of Treatability, Basic Books, New York.Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Levy, K. N., Clarkin, J. F., Yeomans, F.E., Scott, L. N., Wasserman, R. H.., Kernberg, O. H., 2006, Mechanisms of change in the treatment of borderline personality disorder with transference focused psychotherapy, Journal of Clinical Psychology, 62, 481-502.10.1002/jclp.20239 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Levy, K. N., Kelly, K. M., Meehan, K. B., Kelly, K. M., Reynoso, J. S., Clarkin, J. F., Lenzenweger, M. F., Kernberg, O. F., 2006b, Change in attachment and reflective function in the treatment of borderline personality disorder with transference focused psychotherapy, Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 74, 1027-1040.10.1037/0022-006X.74.6.1027 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Levy, K. N., Clarkin, J. F., Foelsch, P. A., Kernberg, O. F., in review, Transference Focused Psychotherapy of Patients with Borderline Personality Disorder : Comparison of a Treatment as Usual Cohort, Manuscript submitted for publication.Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Liotti, G., 1995, Disorganized/disoriented attachment in the psychotherapy of the dissociative disorders, in Goldberg, S., Muir, R., Kerr, J. eds., Attachment Theory : Social, Developmental and Clinical Perspectives, Analytic Press, Hillsdale, New Jersey, 343-367.Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Liotti, G., 1992, Disorganized attachment in the etiology of the dissociative disorders, Dissociation, 4, 196-204.Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Liotti, G., 1999, Understanding the dissociative processes : The contributions of attachment theory, Psychoanalytic Inquiry, 19, 5, 757-783.10.1080/07351699909534275 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Liotti, G., 2000a, Disorganized attachment, models of borderline states and evolutionary psychotherapy, in Gilbert, P., Bailey, K., eds., Genes on the Couch : Explorations in Evolutionary Psychotherapy, Brunner-Routledge, New York 232-256.Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Liotti, G., 2000b, Trauma, dissociation, and disorganized attachment : Three strands of a single braid, Psychotherapy : Theory, Research, Practice, Training, 41, 4, 472-486.10.1037/0033-3204.41.4.472 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Liotti, G., 2004, The inner schema of borderline states and its correction during psychotherapy : A cognitive-evolutionary approach, in Gilbert, K. P., ed., Evolutionary Theory and Cognitive Therapy, Springer Publishing Co., New York, 137-160.Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Lyons-Ruth, K., 1999, The two-person unconscious : Intersubjective dialogue, enactive relational representation, and the emergence of new forms of relational organization, Psychoanalytic Inquiry, 19, 4, 40-45.10.1080/07351699909534267 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Main, M., 1999, Epilogue, Attachment Theory : Eighteen points with suggestions for future studies, in Cassidy, J., Shaver, P. R., eds., Handbook of Attachment : Theory, Research and Clinical Applications, Guilford Press, New York.Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Main, M., Goldwyn, R., 1985-1998, sous presse, Adult Attachment Scoring and Classification System, Unpublished manuscript, Department of Psychology, University of California at Berkeley, in Main, M., (ed.), Systems for Assessing Attachment Organization through Discourse, Behavior and Drawings (working title), Cambridge University Press, in press.Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Parish, M., Eagle, M., 1999, Attachment to the therapist, Psychoanalytic Psychology, 271-286.Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Siegel, D., 1999, The Developing Mind : Towards a Neurobiology of Interpersonal Experience, Guilford Press, New York.Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Schore, A. N., 2003, Affect Dysregulation and Disorders of the Self, Norton and Company, New York.Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Shore, A. N., 2003b, Affect Regulation and Repair of the Self, Norton and Company, New York.Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Slade, A., 1999, Attachment Theory and research : Implications for theory and practice of individual psychotherapy, in Cassidy, J., Shaver, P., eds., Handbook of Attachment Theory and Research, Guilford Press, New York.Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Szajnberg, N. M., Crittenden, P. M., 1997, The Transference Refracted Through the Lens of Attachment, Journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis, 25, 3, 409-438.10.1037/0736-9735.20.2.271 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Steele, K., van-der-Hart, K. Nijenhuis, O, Ellert, R.-S., 2001, Dependency in the treatment of complex posttraumatic stress disorder and dissociative disorders, Journal of Trauma and Dissociation, 2, 4, 79-116.10.1300/J229v02n04_05 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Van IJzendoorn, M. H., Schuengel, C., Bakermans-Kranenburg, M. K., 1999, Disorganized attachment in early childhood : Meta-analysis of precursors, concomitants and sequelae, Development and Psychopathology, 11, 225-249.10.1017/S0954579499002035 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Waters, E. Merrick, S, Treboux, D., Crowell, J., Albersheim, L., 2000, Attachment security in infancy and early adulthood : A 20 year longitudinal study, Child Development, 71, 684-689.10.1111/1467-8624.00176 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Westen, D., Gabbard, G. O., 2002, Developments in cognitive neuroscience : II. Implications for theories of transference, Journal of the American-Psychoanalytic Association, 50, 1, 99- 134.10.1177/00030651020500011601 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Yeomans, F.E., Clarkin, J. F., Kernberg, O. F., 2002, A Primer of Transference-focused Psychotherapy for the Borderline Patient, Jason Aronson, New Haven.10.1521/jaap.1.1997.25.3.409 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Yeomans, F. E., Delaney, J. C., Renaud, A., 2007, La psychothérapie focalisée sur le transfert, Santé mentale au Québec, 32, 1, 17-34.
10.7202/016507ar Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
