Abstracts
Résumé
Le fait de donner un sens à une expérience traumatique est reconnu comme une étape importante dans le processus d’adaptation des victimes d’événements traumatiques. L’objectif de cet article est d’examiner les différentes facettes de la recherche de sens en intégrant les écrits reliés à plusieurs concepts apparentés à ce phénomène, tels les changements positifs et négatifs perçus et la croissance post-traumatique. La première partie présente trois théories explicatives de la recherche de sens. La seconde partie expose l’état des connaissances empiriques lié à divers types d’événements traumatiques. Finalement, la troisième partie souligne les problèmes méthodologiques inhérents à ce domaine de recherche et propose des pistes de recherches futures.
Abstract
Search for meaning in the aftermath of a traumatic event has been recognized as an important task in the recovery process of victims. Several terms have been used to describe the process and outcome related to search for meaning, such as perceived positive and negative changes, perceived benefits and post-traumatic growth. This article has three objectives. First, it aims to present three conceptual models of search for meaning and related concepts. Second, it reviews empirical data on search for meaning amongst different types of traumatic events. Third, it exposes shortcomings and paths for future studies.
Resumen
El hecho de encontrarle sentido a una experiencia traumática se reconoce como una etapa importante en el proceso de adaptación de las víctimas de eventos traumáticos. El objetivo de este artículo es examinar las diferentes facetas de la búsqueda de sentido integrando los textos relacionados con diversos conceptos emparentados con este fenómeno, tales como los cambios positivos y negativos percibidos y el crecimiento postraumático. La primera parte presenta tres teorías que explican la búsqueda de sentido. La segunda parte expone el estado del conocimiento empírico relacionado con los diversos tipos de eventos traumáticos. Finalmente, la tercera parte subraya los problemas metodológicos inherentes a este campo de investigación y propone pistas para las investigaciones futuras.
Resumo
O fato de dar um sentido a uma experiência traumática é reconhecido como uma etapa importante no processo de adaptação das vítimas de acontecimentos traumáticos. O objetivo deste artigo é examinar as diferentes facetas da busca de sentido integrando a literatura ligada a vários conceitos semelhantes a este fenômeno, como as mudanças positivas e negativas vivenciadas e o crescimento pós-traumático. A primeira parte apresenta três teorias explicativas da busca de sentido. A segunda expõe o estado dos conhecimentos empíricos ligados a diversos tipos de acontecimentos traumáticos. Finalmente, a terceira parte ressalta os problemas metodológicos inerentes a esta área de pesquisa e propõe pistas de pesquisas futuras.
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Appendices
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