Abstracts
Résumé
Cet article résume une approche clinique visant à faciliter le sevrage des benzodiazépines. Les auteurs soulignent l’importance d’une évaluation médicale afin de préciser les raisons qui ont mené à l’utilisation et au maintien d’un traitement pharmacologique et de bien comprendre les raisons et la motivation du patient voulant cesser sa médication. Lors de cette évaluation, il est important d’informer le patient de cesser la médication graduellement afin de réduire la sévérité des effets secondaires à prévoir durant le sevrage. Une approche par étape où le patient participe activement aux décisions est proposée à la fois pour réduire l’anxiété du patient, mais aussi pour éviter que ce dernier ne prenne des initiatives sans en discuter avec le médecin ce qui irait à l’encontre d’une approche visant à optimiser la réussite du sevrage. Quelques vignettes cliniques sont présentées afin de démontrer les étapes du sevrage, mais aussi pour illustrer des situations où la diminution et même l’arrêt de la médication s’avèrent difficiles.
Abstract
This article summarizes a clinical approach aiming at facilitating withdrawal of benzodiazepines. The authors underline the importance of a medical evaluation in order to identify reasons that have led to the use and maintaining of a pharmacological treatment and to better understand the reasons and motivation of the patient to cease his medication. During this assessment, it is important to inform the patient to gradually reduce his medication in order to diminish the severity of side effects expected during withdrawal. A step by step approach where the patient actively participates in decisions is proposed to reduce the anxiety, but also to prevent the patient from taking unilateral initiatives that would go against an approach aiming at optimizing the success of withdrawal. Some clinical vignettes are presented to illustrate the steps of withdrawal as well as situations where reducing or even stopping medication is difficult.
Resumen
Este artículo resume un enfoque clínico que busca facilitar la abstinencia de las benzodiacepinas. Los autores subrayan la importancia de una evaluación médica a fin de precisar las razones que han llevado a la utilización y mantenimiento de un tratamiento farmacológico y de comprender bien las razones y la motivación del paciente que quiere suspender su medicamento. Durante esta evaluación es importante informar al paciente que debe dejar el medicamento gradualmente a fin de reducir la severidad de los efectos secundarios previstos durante la abstinencia. Se propone un enfoque por etapas en las que el paciente participa activamente en las decisiones, tanto para reducir su ansiedad como también para evitar que éste tome iniciativas sin discutirlas con el médico, lo cual iría en contra de un enfoque que busca optimizar el éxito de la abstinencia. Se presentan algunas viñetas clínicas a fin de demostrar las etapas de la abstinencia, pero también para ilustrar las situaciones en las que la disminución e incluso la suspensión del medicamento se revelan difíciles.
Resumo
Este artigo resume uma abordagem clínica que visa facilitar a desabituação do uso de benzodiazepinas. Os autores ressaltam a importância de uma avaliação médica para especificar as razões que levaram à utilização e continuação de um tratamento farmacológico e compreender as razões do paciente e sua motivação para interromper a medicação. Durante esta avaliação, é importante informar ao paciente de interromper gradualmente a medicação para reduzir a os efeitos colaterais previstos durante a desabituação. Uma abordagem progressiva na qual o paciente participa ativamente das decisões é proposta tanto para reduzir a ansiedade do paciente quanto para evitar que este tome iniciativas sem discutir com o médico, uma abordagem que visa otimizar o sucesso no processo de desabituação. Alguns documentos clínicos são apresentados para demonstrar as etapas da desabituação e também para ilustrar situações onde a diminuição, e mesmo a interrupção da medicação é difícil.
Appendices
Références
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