ror.org/04td37d32
Abstracts
Résumé
Les lixiviats des sites d’enfouissement sanitaires contiennent divers types de composés organiques et inorganiques susceptibles de polluer les milieux aquatiques s’ils ne sont pas convenablement traités. Depuis quelques années, on note une utilisation croissante des techniques électrochimiques, avec des résultats satisfaisants, pour le traitement des lixiviats. Parmi les avantages liés à l’utilisation de ces procédés, on peut citer : une faible emprise au sol, un temps de traitement court, une utilisation limitée, voire inexistante, de réactifs chimiques et une facilité d’automatisation. La capacité à traiter les composés organiques bioréfractaires et à augmenter la biodégradabilité de l’effluent constitue un atout majeur lors du traitement de certains types de lixiviats. Dans cette revue de littérature, un accent particulier est porté sur les trois procédés électrochimiques les plus utilisés pour le traitement des lixiviats, à savoir : l’électro-oxydation (EO), l’électro-Fenton (EF) et l’électrocoagulation (EC). Pour chacun des procédés, les différents paramètres opératoires qui influencent l’efficacité du traitement sont élucidés. D’une façon globale, les procédés électrochimiques sont influencés entre autres par l’intensité du courant appliqué, le type d’électrode utilisé, la distance interélectrodes, le temps de traitement, le pH et la conductivité du milieu. Le couplage des procédés électrochimiques et biologiques pour le traitement des lixiviats a été investigué. L’intégration de ces deux procédés permet d’augmenter les performances épuratoires tout en réduisant les coûts et les temps de traitement. Toutefois, des études approfondies sont nécessaires afin d’optimiser ces couplages et d’éclaircir l’influence du traitement biologique sur le traitement électrochimique et vice-versa.
Mots-clés:
- Lixiviat,
- site d’enfouissement,
- traitement électrochimique,
- traitement biologique,
- électro-oxydation,
- électrocoagulation,
- oxydation anodique,
- électro-Fenton
Abstract
Landfill leachates contain several types of organic and inorganic pollutants that can contaminate aquatic environments if they are not treated in an appropriate way. In recent years, there has been an increase in the use of electrochemical processes for the treatment of landfill leachates, with satisfactory results. Some advantages related to the use of electrochemical processes are: small space requirement, short treatment time, low requirements of chemical reagents and easy automation. The ability to remove biorefractory compounds and to increase the biodegradability of the effluent makes them interesting methods for the treatment of landfill leachates. In the present literature review, particular attention is paid to three electrochemical processes commonly used for the treatment of landfill leachates, namely Electro-Oxidation (EO), Electro-Fenton (EF) and Electro-Coagulation (EC). For each of them, we elucidate the different parameters that affect treatment efficiency. Generally, electrochemical processes are influenced by the applied current density, type of electrode, distance between electrodes, treatment time, pH and effluent conductivity. The combination of electrochemical processes with biological processes is also considered. The integration of these two processes improves the treatment efficiency for landfill leachates and reduces the cost and treatment time. However, further studies are required in order to optimize the combined method and to clarify the influence of biological treatment on the electrochemical treatment, and vice versa.
Key Words:
- Landfill leachate,
- electrochemical treatment,
- biological treatment,
- anodic oxidation,
- electro-oxidation,
- electrocoagulation,
- electro-Fenton
Appendices
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