Abstracts
Résumé
Les effluents textiles contenant des colorants réactifs sont souvent très complexes et nécessitent des traitements intensifs. De nos jours, la combinaison de deux ou plusieurs techniques opératoires, en se servant des progrès scientifiques permettant une bonne commande du procédé, est devenue une alternative intéressante. Par ailleurs, les argiles et les minéraux argileux, du fait d’avoir des propriétés leur permettant d’être à la fois adsorbants et adjuvants de floculation, attirent un intérêt particulier des chercheurs dans le domaine du traitement des effluents industriels. Dans cette étude, un effluent textile qui représente les eaux résiduaires de l’unité de teinture du coton Denitex, Tlemcen en Algérie, a été traité par un procédé combiné. Le traitement comporte deux étapes : la première est une coagulation-floculation (CF) à l’aide des sels d’aluminium pré-neutralisés jusqu’à un rapport OH/Al égal à 2,25, donnant naissance au polycation de structure AlO4Al12(OH)24(H2O)12, appelé aussi Al13, en association avec une bentonite algérienne (B). Dans la deuxième étape, qui succède à la première, l’électroflottation (EF) a été utilisée pour exploiter son rôle de séparation solide-liquide, et aussi pour améliorer l’efficacité du traitement. Dans les deux techniques utilisées : (CF) et (EF), les conditions opératoires, telles que le pH, la concentration des réactifs, le temps de contact, d’une part, et aussi la densité du courant électrique et la consommation d’énergie, d’autre part, ont été déterminées. Les résultats obtenus indiquent que l’effluent traité par cette méthode ne contient pratiquement plus de couleur ni de DCO : 99,71 % et 99,07 % d’élimination sont obtenus, respectivement.
Mots clés:
- Effluent textile,
- colorants réactifs,
- coagulation,
- floculation,
- bentonite,
- électroflottation
Abstract
Textile effluents containing reactive dyes are often very complex and require intensive treatments. Nowadays, the combination of two or more techniques has become an interesting alternative, because of scientific progress allowing for a good control of the processes. Clays and clay minerals, because of their properties enabling them to be simultaneous adsorbents and flocculation additives, are of particular interest to researchers in industrial wastewater treatment. In this study, a textile effluent that represents the wastewater of a cotton dyeing plant (Denitex, Tlemcen, Algeria) was treated by a combined process. The treatment was divided into two stages: the first was a coagulation-flocculation (CF) stage using pre-neutralized aluminium salts, called Al13 polycations (AlO4Al12(OH)24(H2O)12), as a coagulant associated with an Algerian bentonite (B); in the second stage, an electroflotation technique (EF) was used. The EF technique was not only used as a solid-liquid separation operation, but also in the improvement of the effectiveness of the treatment. For the CF and EF treatments of wastewater, the effects of pH, reagent concentrations, contact times as well as electric current and energy consumption were investigated. The effluent treated by this combined method contained essentially no colour or COD: 99.7% and 99.1% elimination were obtained, respectively.
Keywords:
- Textile effluent,
- reactive dyes,
- coagulation,
- flocculation,
- bentonite,
- electroflotation
Appendices
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