ror.org/0161xgx34
Abstracts
Résumé
Quelles sont les limites raisonnables encadrant l’enseignement de sujets controversés ? L’article suivant vise la réponse à cette question et propose, pour ce faire, de dégager certains principes juridiquement fondés qui guideront la pratique professionnelle du corps enseignant. L’analyse de la jurisprudence pertinente du Canada et des États-Unis, ainsi que de documents légaux secondaires nous a permis de relever les éléments récurrents sur lesquels se fondent les juges pour évaluer si la liberté d’expression pédagogique a été exercée de façon raisonnable et responsable. Notre analyse dégage quatre principes délimitant l’exercice de la liberté d’expression en enseignement : l’alignement avec le programme, l’impartialité, le non-usage de propos possiblement incendiaires et la pertinence du contenu en fonction de l’âge.
Mots-clés :
- liberté d’expression des enseignant⋅e⋅s,
- éducation à la citoyenneté,
- droit de l’éducation,
- éthique professionnelle en enseignement,
- présentation de sujets controversés en classe
Abstract
What are the reasonable limits of teaching about controversial issues? To answer this question, this article aims to establish a set of law-based principles that may serve as a guide for teaching practice. Drawing on an analysis of relevant Canadian and U.S. jurisprudence and secondary literature, we identified considerations that judges consistently return to when reflecting on the question of the reasonable and responsible exercise of teacher free speech in the classroom. Four principles followed from our analysis: curricular alignment, impartiality, avoidance of foreseeable inflammatory content and age appropriateness.
Keywords:
- teacher free speech,
- education law,
- professional ethics in teaching,
- teaching about controversial issues,
- citizenship education
Resumen
¿Cuáles son los límites razonables que tiene la enseñanza de temas controvertidos? Para responder a esta pregunta, este artículo se propone establecer un conjunto de principios que se apoyan sobre fundamentos jurídicos que guían la práctica profesional de los docentes. A partir de un análisis de la jurisprudencia pertinente en Canadá y en Estados Unidos, así como de documentos legales secundarios, hemos identificado algunos elementos recurrentes que guían a los jueces cuando éstos evalúan si la libertad de expresión pedagógica ha sido ejercida de forma razonable y responsable. Nuestro análisis nos lleva a establecer cuatro principios que definen los límites del ejercicio de la libertad de expresión en la enseñanza: la alineación con el programa, la imparcialidad, el no uso de discursos incendiarios previsibles y la pertinencia del contenido en función de la edad.
Palabras clave:
- libertad de expresión de los docentes,
- derecho de la educación,
- ética profesional en la enseñanza,
- abordar temas controvertidos en clase,
- educación cívica
Appendices
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