Abstracts
Résumé
L’étude de l’impact de l’expérience précoce et des milieux de garde ne tient pas toujours compte des modèles interactionnistes du développement humain. Le présent article offre un portrait historique des tendances ayant orienté les recherches dans ce domaine. Puis quatre modèles contemporains d’approches interactionnistes sont présentés afin de fournir un éclairage sur les défis de l’étude des trajectoires de développement. L’article conclut que nos connaissances sur l’impact des expériences précoces nécessitent une vision interactionniste sur le développement. De plus, l’impact de l’expérience précoce doit être abordé non seulement à partir d’une approche normative, mais également à l’aide d’une perspective plus centrée sur la personne.
Mots-clés :
- expérience en milieu de garde,
- interactionnisme,
- développement holistique,
- contexte écologique,
- épigénétique
Abstract
Studies of early social experience, and especially the effects of day care, often neglect interactionist models in efforts to account for developmental outcomes. Following a brief discussion of conceptual preoccupations in past research, this review examines four contemporary models that underscore how interaction shapes developmental trajectories. We argue that future studies on the impact of early experience must surpass normative assessments of preselected variables, and provide idiographic, or person centered analyses of individual modes of adaptation. Studies on the impact of early experience must address mediation of purported effects through interaction processes shaping both short and long-term development outcomes.
Keywords:
- day care experience,
- interactionism,
- transactionnism,
- holistic development,
- ecological context,
- epigenetic
Resumen
El estudio del impacto de la experiencia temprana y de las guarderias no siempre toma en cuenta los modelos interaccionistas del desarrollo humano. Este artículo presenta un perfil histórico de las tendencias que han orientado las investigaciones en este campo. Se presentan a continuación cuatro modelos contemporáneos de enfoques interaccionistas con el fin de proporcionar una perspectiva más clara de los desafíos del estudio de las trayectorias de desarrollo. El artículo concluye que nuestros conocimientos sobre el impacto de las experiencias tempranas necessitan una visión interactionista sobre el desarrollo. Además, el impacto de la experiencia temprana debe ser abordado no sólo a partir de un enfoque normativo, sino también por medio de una perspectiva más centrada en la persona.
Palabras clave:
- experiencia en guardería,
- interaccionismo,
- desarrollo holístico,
- contexto ecológico,
- epigenética
Appendices
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