Abstracts
Résumé
L’idéal de la science repose sur sa neutralité axiologique. D’ordinaire, il ne vient pas à l’idée qu’une science puisse être de droite ou de gauche. Pourtant, on sait que la répartition des options idéologiques des chercheurs ne se fait pas au hasard au sein des différentes disciplines universitaires. Il existe des clivages assez solides et persistants qui distinguent des champs plus conservateurs ou progressistes que d’autres. L’analyse de la participation à la grève étudiante québécoise de 2012 par département et faculté de premier cycle confirme cette observation. Notre analyse procède en trois temps. Dans un premier temps, nous définissons les départements ou les facultés comme sous-cultures politiques en les distinguant selon leur participation au mouvement de grève. Dans un deuxième temps, nous cherchons à évaluer si des changements dans la puissance et la forme du militantisme ont affecté dans les dernières décennies les domaines des humanités, des sciences sociales et des sciences pures et appliquées. Finalement, dans la troisième partie, nous tentons de comprendre pourquoi certaines disciplines sont plus militantes et progressistes que d’autres. En conclusion, nous tentons de dégager la possibilité de définir une culture épistémo-politique de la science.
Mots-clés:
- Étudiant,
- grève,
- discipline,
- science,
- Québec,
- politique
Abstract
The ideal of science is to be neutral or value-free, and to operate above and beyond the left-right political spectrum. Yet, ideological stances nevertheless take shape, and not randomly, across the different academic disciplines. As such, considerable and persistent cleavages, from conservative to progressive, differentiate the fields from each other. The analysis of participation in the Quebec student strike in 2012 by department and faculty at the undergraduate level confirms this observation. Our analysis proceeds in three stages. First, we define the departments or faculties as distinctive political subcultures based on their participation in the strike. In a second step, we seek to assess whether the degrees and types of militancy in the humanities and social sciences and in the natural and applied sciences have changed over recent decades. In a third step, we then try to understand why some disciplines are more militant and progressive than others. In conclusion, we attempt to identify the possibility of defining an epistemological political culture of science.
Keywords:
- student,
- strike,
- discipline,
- science,
- Quebec,
- politics
Appendices
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