Abstracts
Résumé
Cet article étudie l’expérimentation d’un espace de relations collectives de travail réunissant des représentants syndicaux et les directions d’hôpitaux publics et privés non-marchands, à travers la mise en place d’un Comité Public-Privé (CPP) dans un réseau hospitalier belge. La réforme fédérale de 2019 impose la constitution de réseaux hospitaliers, mais reste silencieuse sur les modalités de relations collectives de travail, ouvrant ainsi un espace d’expérimentation institutionnelle. À partir d’entretiens, d’observations et de documents internes, l’étude montre comment contraintes institutionnelles, rapports de force et registres de légitimation ont façonné l’émergence puis la reconfiguration du CPP. Dans cette analyse, quatre mécanismes sont identifiés : indétermination initiale, articulation multi-niveaux, mobilisations différenciées de la légitimation et logiques d’évitement. Ces mécanismes éclairent la manière dont les acteurs ont contribué à maintenir le dispositif dans un compromis instable. En ouvrant la boîte noire du processus, l’article montre ainsi que l’instabilité, loin d’être un obstacle, constitue une modalité stratégique de régulation des relations collectives de travail public-privé.
Mots-clés :
- Expérimentation institutionnelle,
- Changement institutionnel,
- Dialogue social,
- Processus de légitimation,
- Gouvernance hybride,
- Secteur des soins de santé
Abstract
This article examines the institutional experimentation of a public-private social dialogue space, bringing together trade union representatives and management from public and non-profit private hospitals, through the creation of a Public-Private Committee (CPP) in a Belgian hospital network. The 2019 reform mandated the establishment of hospital networks but remained silent on the modalities of social dialogue, thereby opening a space for institutional experimentation. Drawing on interviews, observations and internal documents, the study shows how institutional constraints, power relations and legitimacy claims shaped the emergence and subsequent reconfiguration of the CPP. The analysis identifies four mechanisms: initial indeterminacy, multi-level articulation, multiple legitimacy registers and avoidance logics. These mechanisms highlight how actors contributed to maintaining the CPP in an unstable compromise. By opening the black box of the process, the article demonstrates that instability, rather than being an obstacle, can become a strategic modality of regulation in public-private social dialogue.
Appendices
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