Abstracts
Abstract
We investigated the role of cultural intelligence (CQ) among immigrant workers (IWs) in their professional success within Quebec organizations. Professional success was assessed at two stages of a worker’s career: an intermediate (organizational socialization: OS) and an ultimate stage (objective career success: OCS). Data from a purposive sample of 103 IWs show that CQ predicts OS, but neither CQ nor OS predicts OCS, except for IWs from Global North countries. Thus, intermediate success depends on the immigrant’s personal ability to integrate into the organization’s culture, but this ability will increase objective career success only if the immigrant is from the Global North, and not from the Global South. These findings challenge the hypothesis that socio-economic integration depends on the immigrant’s personal ability to adapt. Finally, we discuss structural factors that may affect the CQ/OCS relationship.
Keywords:
- Cultural competencies,
- socio-professional integration,
- career success,
- immigrant
Résumé
Malgré des politiques publiques visant à favoriser l’intégration socioprofessionnelle des personnes immigrantes (PIs), leur situation reste précaire à l’échelle mondiale. De plus en plus de recherches suggèrent que la mobilisation des compétences culturelles des PIs pourrait faciliter leur intégration. Notre étude met cette hypothèse à l’épreuve en explorant, dans le contexte québécois, la relation entre le quotient culturel (QC) des PIs et leur succès professionnel, évalué à deux niveaux : un niveau intermédiaire, la socialisation organisationnelle (SO), et un niveau ultime, le succès objectif de carrière (SOC), mesuré par la rémunération et le classement hiérarchique.
Un échantillon raisonné de 103 PIs a répondu à un questionnaire en ligne en 2020. Des tests de régression linéaire et de comparaison de moyennes ont été réalisés pour vérifier nos hypothèses. Les résultats montrent que les PIs ayant les scores les plus élevés en quotient culturel (QC) réussissent mieux leur socialisation organisationnelle (SO, succès intermédiaire), mais ni le QC ni la SO ne sont corrélés au succès objectif de carrière (SOC), sauf pour les PIs provenant des pays du Nord global. Si le succès intermédiaire semble lié à la capacité des PI à intégrer la culture de leur organisation hôte, le SOC paraît davantage influencé par des facteurs structurels d’intégration, surtout pour les PIs des pays du Sud.
À la lumière de la littérature en relations industrielles, ces résultats ont été discutés en profondeur. L’indépendance statistique entre le QC et le SOC, ainsi qu’entre la SO et le SOC, remet en question l’hypothèse des capacités individuelles et suggère la nécessité de la combiner avec les déterminants structurels pour une intégration réussie. Cette étude apporte une contribution originale, d’une part, en opérationnalisant l’intégration socioprofessionnelle dans un modèle de succès professionnel et, d’autre part, en relevant l’impact limité des compétences culturelles individuelles face aux contraintes structurelles.
Mots-clés :
- Compétences culturelles,
- intégration socioprofessionnelle,
- succès de carrière,
- immigrants
Appendices
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