Abstracts
Résumé
L’expression de l’identité religieuse au travail a longtemps été une thématique négligée, malgré un regain d’intérêt croissant. Cette recherche répond à l’appel d’une vision plus dynamique de l’objet pour comprendre comment les personnes concilient religiosité et professionnalité dans des contextes plus ou moins contraignants. Nous étudions le cas de travailleurs qui se convertissent à une nouvelle religion au cours de leur carrière. À travers une méthodologie qualitative et longitudinale, nous suivons 22 personnes converties à l’islam travaillant dans des entreprises françaises, à travers trois entretiens sur un an (66 entretiens). Les résultats montrent l’existence de plusieurs formes de job-crafting identitaire, qui conduisent à quatre grandes stratégies de réconciliation entre identité religieuse et identité professionnelle. La recherche établit un lien original entre les transitions identitaires, sur l’identité religieuse et sur le job-crafting.
Mots-clés :
- Transition identitaire,
- identité professionnelle,
- identité religieuse,
- job crafting ,
- étude qualitative longitudinale,
- job crafting identitaire
Abstract
The expression of religious identity at work has long been a neglected theme, despite a growing revival of interest. This research responds to the call for a more dynamic vision of the topic, to understand how employees reconcile religiosity and professionality in more or less constraining contexts. We study the case of workers who convert to a new religion during their career. Using a qualitative, longitudinal methodology, we follow 22 converts to Islam working in French companies, through 3 interviews over a year (66 interviews). The results show the existence of several forms of job-crafting based on identity, leading to four main strategies for reconciling religious and professional identities. The research makes an original connection between identity transitions, religious identity and job-crafting.
Keywords:
- Identity transition,
- professional identity,
- religious identity,
- job crafting,
- longitudinal qualitative study,
- identity-based job crafting
Appendices
Bibliographie
-
Ashforth, B. (2000). Role transitions in organizational life: An identity-based perspective. Routledge.10.4324/9781410600035 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Benefiel, M., Fry, L. W., & Geigle, D. (2014). Spirituality and religion in the workplace: History, theory, and research. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, 6(3), 175–187.10.1037/a0036597 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Birman, N. A., Katz-Navon, T., Vashdi, D., & Hofstetter, H. (2024). Remotely engaged—The role of job crafting in the change of employees' engagement after an abrupt transition to remote work. Frontiers in Organizational Psychology, 2.10.3389/forgp.2024.1363859 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Blom, A. (2017). Emotions and the micro-foundations of religious activism: The bitter-sweet experiences of ‘born-again’ Muslims in Pakistan. The Indian Economic & Social History Review, 54(1), 123–145.10.1177/0019464616683473 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Bruning, P. F., & Campion, M. A. (2018). A role–resource approach–avoidance model of job crafting: A multimethod integration and extension of job crafting theory. Academy of Management Journal, 61(2), 499–522.10.5465/amj.2015.0604 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Chenigle, S., Grima, F., & Prud’homme, L. (2023). Anticipating identity management decision-making process: The case of hijab disclosure to managers through the study of time and space. Group & Organization Management.10.1177/10596011231183851 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Cintas, C., Heliot, Y., & Sprimont, P. A. (2020). Religious accommodation in France: Decoding managers' behaviour. Employee Relations: The International Journal, 43(1), 83–107.10.1108/ER-02-2020-0050 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Ebaugh, H. R. F. (1988). Becoming an ex: The process of role exit. University of Chicago Press.10.7208/chicago/9780226160535.001.0001 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Follmer, K. B., Sabat, I. E., & Siuta, R. L. (2020). Disclosure of stigmatized identities at work: An interdisciplinary review and agenda for future research. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 41, 169–184.10.1002/job.2402 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Fuller, A., & Unwin, L. (2017). Job crafting and identity in low-grade work: How hospital porters redefine the value of their work and expertise. Vocations and Learning, 10, 307–324.10.1007/s12186-017-9173-z Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Gaillard, H. (2021). Entrepreneuriat et religion : vers une mutation affinitaire du marché du travail ? Le sentiment d’exclusion en question. Revue internationale de psychosociologie et de gestion des comportements organisationnels, 26 (67), 5-21.10.3917/rips1.067.0005 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Gaillard, H. (2022). Managing religion at work: a necessary distinction between words and deeds. A multiple case study of the postures facing religious expression in French organizations. Employee Relations: The International Journal, 44(4), 744-763.10.1108/ER-02-2021-0053 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Gaillard, H., & Galière, S. (2024). Resistance to economic exploitation or religious oppression? A sociomaterial analysis of the agency of Muslim food-delivery workers facing algorithmic management, Organization, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1177/13505084241296821
10.1177/13505084241296821 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Gaillard, H., Galindo, G., & Honoré, L. (2022). Religion, fait religieux et management
: Diagnostic et perspectives. Caen : Éditions EMS.10.64628/AAK.kq5ej74vm Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Gaillard, H., & Meier, O. (2023). Le management comme système quasi juridictionnel. Revue française de gestion, 308 (1), 15-36.10.3166/rfg308.15-36 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Galindo, G., & Zannad, H. (2015). Large French companies facing religious issues: Proposition of a grid to decrypt their postures. RIMHE: Revue Interdisciplinaire Management, Homme & Entreprise, 19(4), 41–55.10.3917/rimhe.019.0041 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Gascoigne, C., & Kelliher, C. (2018). The transition to part-time: How professionals negotiate ‘reduced time and workload’ i-deals and craft their jobs. Human Relations, 71(1), 103–125. https://doi.org/10.1177/0018726717722394
10.1177/0018726717722394 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Gebert, D., Boerner, S., Kearney, E., King, J. E., Zhang, K., & Song, L. J. (2014). Expressing religious identities in the workplace: Analyzing a neglected diversity dimension. Human Relations, 67, 543–563.10.1177/0018726713496830 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
George, M. M., Wittman, S., & Rockmann, K. W. (2022). Transitioning the study of role transitions: From an attribute-based to an experience-based approach. Academy of Management Annals, 16(1), 102–133.10.5465/annals.2020.0238 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Ghumman, S., Ryan, A. M., Barclay, L. A., & Markel, K. S. (2013). Religious discrimination in the workplace: A review and examination of current and future trends. Journal of Business and Psychology, 28, 439–454.10.1007/s10869-013-9290-0 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Ghumman, S., Ryan, A. M., & Park, J. S. (2016). Religious harassment in the workplace: An examination of observer intervention. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 37, 279–306.10.1002/job.2044 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Golden, K. A. (1992). The individual and organizational culture: Strategies for actions in highly-ordered contexts. Journal of Management Studies, 29, 1–21.10.1111/j.1467-6486.1992.tb00649.x Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Guillet, O. (2022). Fait religieux et comportements des managers de proximité : étude des facteurs explicatifs. Résultats d’une étude exploratoire dans le contexte français. Revue internationale de psychosociologie et de gestion des comportements organisationnels, Vol. XXVIII (73), 5-35. 10.3917/rips1.073.0005 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Héliot, Y., Gleibs, I. H., Coyle, A., Rousseau, D. M., & Rojon, C. (2020). Religious identity in the workplace: A systematic review, research agenda, and practical implications. Human Resource Management, 59(2), 153–173.10.1002/hrm.21983 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Hennekam, S., & Ladge, J. J. (2023). Free to be me? Evolving gender expression and the dynamic interplay between authenticity and the desire to be accepted at work. Academy of Management Journal, 66(5), 1529-1553.10.5465/amj.2020.1308 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Hennekam, S., Peterson, J., Tahssain-Gay, L., & Dumazert, J. P. (2018). Managing religious diversity in secular organizations in France. Employee Relations, 40(5), 746–761.10.1108/ER-06-2017-0142 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Honoré, L. (2022a). Religion au travail : Croire au dialogue. Baromètre de l’expression religieuse au travail. Institut Montaigne.Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Honoré, L. (2022b). La religion au travail : Quelles réactions des salariés pratiquants après le conflit ? Revue française de gestion, 306, 11–29.10.3166/rfg306.11-30 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Honoré, L., Galindo, G., & Zannad, H. (2019). Religion et management : État des lieux et perspectives de recherche sur un sujet sensible. Revue française de gestion, 281, 59–77.10.3166/rfg.2019.00347 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Ibarra, H., & Barbulescu, R. (2010). Identity as narrative: Prevalence, effectiveness, and consequences of narrative identity work in macro work role transitions. Academy of management review, 35(1), 135-154.10.5465/AMR.2010.45577925 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Jones, E. E., Farina, A., Hastorf, A. H., Markus, H., Miller, D. T., & Scott, R. A. (1984). Social stigma: The psychology of marked relationships. W. H. Freeman and Company.Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
King, E. B., Mohr, J. J., Peddie, C. I., Jones, K. P., & Kendra, M. (2017). Predictors of identity management: An exploratory experience-sampling study of lesbian, gay, and bisexual workers. Journal of Management, 43(2), 476–502.10.1177/0149206314539350 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Kooij, D. T., Tims, M., & Kanfer, R. (2015). Successful aging at work: The role of job crafting. In Aging workers and the employee-employer relationship (pp. 145–161).10.1007/978-3-319-08007-9_9 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Kristof-Brown, A. L., Zimmerman, R. D., & Johnson, E. C. (2005). Consequences of individuals’ fit at work: A meta-analysis of person–job, person–organization, person–group, and person–supervisor fit. Personnel Psychology, 58(2), 281–342.10.1111/j.1744-6570.2005.00672.x Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Lazazzara, A., Tims, M., & de Gennaro, D. (2020). The process of reinventing a job: A meta-synthesis of qualitative job crafting research. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 116.10.1016/j.jvb.2019.01.001 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Le Pape, L., Laakili, M., & Mossière, G. (2017). Les convertis à l’islam en France, entre liens originels et recompositions croyantes. Ethnologie française, 47, 637–648. 10.3917/ethn.174.0637 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (2003). Analyse des données qualitatives (2nd ed.). De Boeck Université.Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Miscenko, D., & Day, D. V. (2016). Identity and identification at work. Organizational Psychology Review, 6, 215–247.10.1177/2041386615584009 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Niessen, C., Weseler, D., & Kostova, P. (2016). When and why do individuals craft their jobs? The role of individual motivation and work characteristics for job crafting. Human Relations, 69(6), 1287–1313.10.1177/0018726715610642 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Patton, M. Q. (1990). Qualitative evaluation and research methods (2nd ed.). Sage Publications.Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Praveen Parboteeah, K., Hoegl, M., & Cullen, J. (2009). Religious dimensions and work obligation: A country institutional profile model. Human Relations, 62(1), 119–148.10.1177/0018726708099515 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Ragins, B. R. (2008). Disclosure disconnects: Antecedents and consequences of disclosing invisible stigmas across life domains. Academy of Management Review, 33(1), 194–215.10.5465/amr.2008.27752724 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Shore, L. M., Randel, A. E., Chung, B. G., Dean, M. A., Holcombe Ehrhart, K., & Singh, G. (2011). Inclusion and diversity in work groups: A review and model for future research. Journal of Management, 37(4), 1262–1289.10.1177/0149206310385943 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Skorikov, V. B., & Vondracek, F. W. (2011). Occupational identity. In S. J. Schwartz, K. Luyckx, & V. Vignoles (Eds.), Handbook of identity theory and research (pp. 693–714). Springer.10.1007/978-1-4419-7988-9_29 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Valfort, M. (2017). La religion, facteur de discrimination à l’embauche en France ? Revue économique, 68, 895–907.10.3917/reco.pr3.0101 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Volia, J. C., Guillet, O., & Gaillard, H. (2022). Fait religieux au travail : vers une structuration d’un objet d’étude en GRH ? De la spécificité du contexte français. @ GRH, 42 (1), 139-170.10.3917/grh.042.0139 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Wrzesniewski, A., & Dutton, J. E. (2001). Crafting a job: Revisioning employees as active crafters of their work. Academy of Management Review, 26(2), 179–201.10.2307/259118 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
-
Ysseldyk, R., Matheson, K., & Anisman, H. (2010). Religiosity as identity: Toward an understanding of religion from a social identity perspective. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 14, 60–71.10.1177/1088868309349693 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar