ror.org/0161xgx34
Abstracts
Résumé
Cette étude vise à mieux comprendre le lien entre identité professionnelle et agressions fondées sur le sexe et le genre dans les métiers spécialisés de la construction et du secteur manufacturier au Québec. Une limite importante dans la littérature s’avère être l’absence d’étude portant sur l’identité professionnelle et sa fragilisation. L’identité professionnelle englobe l’ensemble des pratiques et des coutumes qui procure une reconnaissance aux travailleurs dans l’exécution de leurs tâches, en plus d’une affirmation d’eux-mêmes au travail (Ashforth et Mael, 1989).
Des questionnaires ont été distribués dans sept chantiers de construction et dans quatre établissements manufacturiers, pour un total de 282 répondants. Les résultats des analyses multiniveaux, en considérant les variations entre les 54 équipes de travail, ont suggéré un effet direct de la déviance interpersonnelle sur les agressions psychologiques. Les résultats ont aussi révélé que l’identité professionnelle et sa fragilisation prédisposent aux agressions, notamment une faible intégration des différences dans l’équipe, ainsi qu’un soutien social insuffisant. Tandis qu’une utilisation des compétences plus forte et une faible préoccupation pour le groupe s’associent aux agressions sexuelles dans les métiers spécialisés. De plus, une faible estime publique du métier s’associe à des agressions physiques, alors que des demandes élevées au travail et l’insécurité d’emploi s’associent à des agressions psychologiques. Enfin, les modèles multiniveaux ont associé le fait d’être une femme aux agressions physiques et sexuelles.
Les conclusions de cette recherche corroborent l’importance d’agir sur les dimensions identitaires afin de réduire les agressions, particulièrement en misant sur l’inclusion des travailleurs dans les processus innovants et sur une plus grande ouverture de leur part aux nouvelles idées. Au niveau de la culture des métiers spécialisés, il serait également judicieux de privilégier les valeurs dites plus féminines basées sur la collaboration, l’empathie et le soutien.
Mots-clés:
- agression fondée sur le sexe et le genre,
- identité professionnelle,
- métiers spécialisés,
- modèles multiniveaux
Abstract
Focusing on the construction and manufacturing sectors in Quebec, this study explores how professional identity influences sex- and gender-related aggressions in the skilled trades. One limitation of the extant literature is its neglect of professional identity. Professional identity reflects a form of social recognition at work, built on prestige related to employment status and professional responsibilities (Ashforth and Mael, 1989).
A questionnaire was administered to 282 workers working on seven construction sites and for four manufacturers. The results of multilevel regression models, addressing variations across 54 participating teams in the study, suggested that interpersonal deviance had a direct effect on psychological aggressions. The multilevel analyses also showed that some aspects of professional identity made individuals more disposed to workplace aggressions. These include a weak integration of differences within the team, as well as insufficient social support at work. A higher skills utilization and a low concern for the group are also associated with sexual aggressions in skilled trades. In addition, low public esteem for the profession is associated with physical aggressions, while work demands and job insecurity are associated with psychological aggressions. Finally, multilevel models associated being a woman with physical and sexual aggressions.
The conclusions of this study show the importance of acting on identity dimensions in order to reduce workplace aggressions, particularly by focusing on the better inclusion of all workers in innovative processes and on their greater openness to new ideas. In terms of the culture of skilled trades, one issue is to promote feminine values based on collaboration, empathy and social support.
Keywords:
- sex and gender-based aggressions,
- professional identity,
- skilled trades,
- multilevel models
Appendices
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