Abstracts
Résumé
Nombreuses sont les recherches ayant examiné l’impact du mentorat sur la réussite de carrière. Toutefois, davantage d’études sont requises afin d’appréhender cette relation, car force est de constater que la majorité des recherches menées jusque-là ont occulté la bi-dimensionnalité de chacun de ces deux construits. Par ailleurs, vu les spécificités féminines, nous estimons que la compréhension de l’impact du mentorat sur la réussite de carrière serait améliorée par l’intégration du genre.
Le but de ce travail est de démontrer que le genre joue un rôle modérateur entre le mentorat reçu — estimé par ses deux fonctions instrumentale et psychosociale — et la réussite de carrière aussi bien objective que subjective. Des analyses en équations structurelles, notamment des analyses multigroupes ont été conduites à partir de données recueillies dans le secteur bancaire tunisien auprès de 237 cadres moyens et supérieurs.
Nos analyses montrent que les femmes obtiennent moins de promotions et semblent moins satisfaites de leur carrière. Il ressort aussi que les femmes perçoivent moins de soutien de la part de leur mentor, particulièrement d’ordre psychosocial. Si la présente recherche démontre que pour les hommes, comme pour les femmes, le soutien prodigué par le mentor est associé à la réussite de carrière objective, il n’en est pas de même pour le type du mentorat à l’origine de cette réussite. Ainsi, seule la fonction instrumentale favorise l’avancement des femmes, contrairement aux hommes, dont l’avancement est lié uniquement à la fonction psychosociale du mentorat. Enfin, la présente étude indique l’inexistence d’un lien direct entre les fonctions du mentorat et la réussite subjective, et ce, aussi bien pour les hommes que les femmes. Toutefois, nos résultats permettent de mettre en évidence un effet indirect du mentorat psychosocial sur la réussite subjective des hommes par le biais de leur succès objectif.
Mots-clés:
- mentorat instrumental,
- mentorat psychosocial,
- réussite de carrière objective,
- réussite de carrière subjective,
- genre
Abstract
Many research studies have examined the impact of mentoring on career success. However, additional studies are needed to understand this relationship, because it is clear that the majority of research conducted so far has obscured the bi-dimensionality of each of these two constructs. In addition, given the specificities of women, we believe that understanding the impact of mentorship on career success would be enhanced by gender mainstreaming.
The purpose of this work is to demonstrate that gender plays a moderating role between the received mentorship—valued by its two instrumental and psychosocial functions—and both objective and subjective career success. Structural equations, including multi-group analyses, were conducted using data collected in the Tunisian banking sector from 237 middle and senior managers.
Our results show that women get fewer promotions and seem less satisfied with their careers. In addition, women perceive they receive less support from their mentor, especially psychosocial. While this research demonstrates that for men, as for women, mentor support is associated with objective career success, this is not the case for the type of mentorship that led to this success. Thus, only the instrumental function favors the advancement of women, unlike men, whose advancement is related solely to the psychosocial function of mentoring. Finally, this study indicates the lack of a direct link between the roles of mentorship and subjective success for both men and women. However, our results reveal an indirect effect of psychosocial mentoring on men’s subjective success through their objective success.
Keywords:
- instrumental mentoring,
- psychosocial mentoring,
- objective career success,
- subjective career success,
- gender
Resumen
Muchas investigaciones han examinado el impacto del mentorado en el éxito de carrera. Sin embargo, la mejor comprensión de esta relación requiere de más estudios puesto que la mayoría de investigaciones realizadas hasta ahora han ocultado la bidimensionalidad de cada uno de estas dos construcciones. Además, dadas las especificidades femeninas, estimamos que la integración de la perspectiva de género mejorará la comprensión del impacto del mentorado en el éxito de carrera.
El objetivo de este trabajo es de demostrar que el género juega un rol moderador entre el mentorado recibido — estimado por sus dos funciones, instrumental y sicosocial — y el éxito de carrera tanto objetiva que subjetiva. Los análisis en ecuaciones estructurales, incluidos los análisis de grupos múltiples se realizaron a partir de los datos recopilados en el sector bancario en Túnez con 237 gerentes de nivel medio y superior.
Nuestros análisis muestran que las mujeres obtienen menos promociones y parecen menos satisfechas con sus carreras. Se constata también que las mujeres perciben menos apoyo de parte del mentor, especialmente de apoyo sicosocial. Si la presente investigación demuestra que tanto para hombres, como para mujeres, el apoyo prodigado por el mentor está asociado con éxito objetivo de carrera, no ocurre lo mismo con el tipo de mentorado que condujo a este éxito. Así, solo la función instrumental favorece el avance de las mujeres, contrariamente a los hombres cuyo avance está asociado únicamente a la función sicosocial de la mentorado. Finalmente, este estudio indica que no existe un vínculo directo entre las funciones de mentorado y el éxito subjetivo, y esto, tanto para hombres como para mujeres. Sin embargo, nuestros resultados revelan un efecto indirecto del mentorado sicosocial sobre el éxito subjetivo de los hombres a través de su éxito objetivo.
Palabras claves:
- mentorado instrumental,
- mentorado sicosocial,
- éxito objetivo de carrera,
- éxito subjetivo de carrera
Appendices
Bibliographie
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