Abstracts
Résumé
Dans un contexte où la qualité de vie au travail, le bien-être et la santé psychologique des employés sont actuellement au coeur des préoccupations des gestionnaires et des milieux de travail, les enjeux de santé organisationnelle deviennent incontournables. Or, malgré l’intérêt grandissant des chercheurs et des praticiens, la notion de santé organisationnelle a été l’objet de diverses conceptualisations et représente encore aujourd’hui un objet d’étude en pleine évolution. Dans cet ordre d’idées, cet article propose de faire une synthèse des approches contemporaines de la santé organisationnelle et d’investiguer comment cette thématique est abordée par les chercheurs québécois. Pour ce faire, une recension des écrits a d’abord été effectuée afin d’établir un portrait des connaissances acquises à ce jour. Ensuite, une enquête consultative a été réalisée auprès d’experts scientifiques québécois. À la fois les écrits et les experts consultés rapportent que la santé organisationnelle est un concept qui prend plusieurs sens, qui nécessite l’adoption d’une perspective plus globale et qui s’élargit à d’autres sphères que le travail. Or, contrairement à la documentation, les experts abordent surtout les aspects de la santé psychologique et moins la santé physique, et ils considèrent essentiellement les facteurs organisationnels comme des préoccupations de recherche future dans le domaine. Les résultats obtenus permettent de dresser un état des connaissances sur le concept de santé organisationnelle et son évolution, tout en identifiant les tendances émergentes susceptibles d’influencer les orientations scientifiques futures pour le regroupement stratégique en santé psychologique au travail du Réseau de recherche en santé et sécurité du travail du Québec.
Mots-clés:
- santé,
- travail,
- organisation,
- recension des écrits,
- méthode Delphi
Summary
In a context where employees’ quality of life, well-being and psychological health are currently central concerns for managers and workplaces in general, organizational health issues are unavoidable. However, despite growing interest from researchers and practitionners, organizational health has been conceptualized in multiple ways and still is to date a research topic in evolution. In such a context, this paper reviews contemporary approaches in organizational health, and investigates how this field is approached by Quebec researchers. In order to document the current state of knowledge, a litterature review was first performed. Second, a consultative survey was administered to scientific experts in Quebec. The results from both the literature review and the survey identified that organizational health is a concept referring to various significations, in need of a more global perspective, and that goes beyond the work domain. However, contrary to the literature, experts refer mainly to psychological health, and less to physical health. They also anticipate that future research avenues in this field will be more focused on organizational factors. The results lead to a better understanding of the current state of knowledge about organizational health, as well as its evolution, and lead to the identification of emerging tendencies that may influence future scientific orientation for the psychological health at work strategical axis of the Quebec Occupational Health and Safety Research Network.
Keywords:
- health,
- work,
- organization,
- litterature review,
- Delphi method
Resumen
En un contexto en el que la calidad de vida en el trabajo, el bienestar y la salud psicológica de los empleados se encuentran en la mira de las preocupaciones de los administradores y de las empresas, los asuntos de salud organizacional devienen ineludibles. De otro lado, a pesar del interés creciente de los investigadores y los practicantes, la noción de salud organizacional ha sido objeto de varias conceptualizaciones y representa aún hoy en día un objeto de estudio en plena evolución. En esta perspectiva, este artículo se propone de presentar una síntesis de los enfoques contemporáneos sobre el tema de la salud organizacional, y de investigar cómo los investigadores quebequenses abordan este tema. Para esto, se comenzó con una revisión de la literatura a fin de establecer el estado actual de los conocimientos adquiridos sobre el tema. Luego, se realizó una investigación consultiva con expertos científicos quebequenses. Los resultados de la revisión bibliográfica y de la investigación consultiva convergen: la salud organizacional es un concepto que tiene varios sentidos, que necesita ser entendido en una perspectiva más global, y que no se limita al trabajo solamente. Sin embargo, al contrario de la literatura científica, los expertos abordan principalmente los aspectos de salud psicológica, y menos la salud física, y consideran mas los factores organizaciones como preocupaciones de futuras investigaciones. Estos resultados permiten establecer el estado actual de los conocimientos sobre el concepto de salud organizacional y su evolución, e identificar, así mismo, las tangentes emergentes que podrían influenciar las orientaciones futuras del reagrupamiento estratégico en salud psicológica en el trabajo, dentro de la Red de investigación en salud y seguridad ocupacional del Quebec.
Palabras claves:
- salud,
- trabajo,
- organización,
- recensión bibliográfica,
- método Delphi
Appendices
Bibliographie
- Achille, Marie. 2003. « Définir la santé au travail. II. Un modèle multidimensionnel des indicateurs de la santé au travail ». Concilier performance organisationnelle et santé psychologique au travail. R. Foucher, A. Savoie et L. Brunet, dir. Montréal : Éditions nouvelles, 91-112.10.1037/0735-7028.30.2.129 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Adkins, Joyce. 1999. « Promoting Organizational Health: The Evolving Practice of Occupational Health Psychology ». Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 30 (2), 129-137.10.1037/0735-7028.30.2.129 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Anttonen, Hannu et Tuula Räsänen. 2008. Well-being at Work : New Innovations and Good Practices. Helsinki : Finnish Institute of Occupational Health. http://osha.europa.eu/fop/finland/fi/good_practice/progress/tyohyvinvointi/EU-Progress-Booklet.pdf (page consultée le 23 février 2012).10.3917/cca.152.0165 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Bandura, Albert. 1995. « On Rectifying Conceptual Ecumenism ». Self-efficacy, Adaptation, and Adjustment: Theory, Research, and Application. J. E. Maddux, dir. New York : Plenum Press, 347-375.10.1007/978-1-4419-6868-5_13 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Béjar, Yosra. 2009. « Publication d’informations sur le capital immatériel et attentes des investisseurs : une étude exploratoire par la méthode Delphi/Disclosure of Information on Intellectual Capital and Market Information Needs : A Delphi Explorative Study ». Comptabilité Contrôle Audit, 15 (2), 165-192.10.3917/cca.152.0165 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Bennett, Joel, Royer Cook et Kenneth Pelletier. 2003. « Toward an Integrated Framework for Comprehensive Organizational Wellness: Concepts, Practices, and Research in Workplace Health Promotion ». Handbook of Occupational Health Psychology. J.C. Quick et L.E. Tetrick, dir. Washington : American Psychological Association, 69-95.10.1080/02678379208260343 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Berthelot, Jean-Michel. 2001. Épistémologie des sciences sociales. Paris : Presses universitaires de France.10.1177/014920639902500305 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Blustein, David. 2008. « The Role of Work in Psychological Health and Well-being: A Conceptual, Historical, and Public Policy Perspective ». The American Psychologist, 63 (4), 228-240.10.1037/0003-066X.63.4.228 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Bouvrier, Pierre. 1999. « Le disciplinaire et l’interdisciplinaire “ordinaire” ». Sociologie et sociétés, 31 (1), 229-234.
10.7202/001205ar Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Bruchon-Schweitzer, Marilou. 2002. Psychologie de la santé, modèles, concepts et méthodes. Paris : Dunod.10.1016/j.erap.2011.09.001 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Cooper, Cary et Sue Carthwright. 1994. « Healthy Mind; Healthy Organization : A Proactive Approach to Occupational Stress ». Human Relations, 47 (4), 455-471.10.1177/001872679404700405 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Cox, Tom. 1992. « Occupational Health: Past, Present and Future ». Work and Stress, 6 (2), 99-102.10.1080/02678379208260343 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Daniels, Kevin. 2000. « Measures of Five Aspects of Affective Well-being at Work ». Human Relations, 53 (2), 275-294. 10.1080/02678373.2010.518441 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Danna, Karen et Ricky Griffin. 1999. « Health and Well-Being in the Workplace : A Review and Synthesis of the Literature ». Journal of Management, 25 (3), 357-384.10.1177/014920639902500305 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- DeJoy, David et Mark Wilson. 2003. « Organizational Health Promotion: Broadening the Horizon of Workplace Health Promotion ». American Journal of Health Promotion, 17 (5), 337-341.10.4278/0890-1171-17.5.337 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Duchastel, Jules et Danielle Laberge. 1999. « La recherche comme espace de médiation interdisciplinaire ». Sociologie et sociétés, 29 (1), 63-76.
10.7202/001205ar Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Ekionea, Jean-Pierre Booto, Prosper Bernard et Michel Plaisent. 2011. « Consensus par la méthode Delphi sur les concepts clés des capacités organisationnelles spécifiques de la gestion des connaissances ». Recherches qualitatives, 29 (3), 168-192.10.1016/j.socscimed.2004.11.037 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Gilbert, Marie-Hélène, Véronique Dagenais-Desmarais et André Savoie. 2011. « Validation d’une mesure de santé psychologique au travail ». Revue européenne de psychologie appliquée/European Review of Applied Psychology, 61 (4), 195-203.10.1016/j.erap.2011.09.001 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Goetzel, Ron Z., Arlene M. Guindon, I. Jeffrey Turshen et Ronald J. Ozminkowski. 2001. « Health and Productivity Management: Establishing Key Performance Measures, Benchmarks, and Best Practices ». Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medecine, 43 (1), 10-17. 10.1097/00043764-200101000-00003 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Hart, Peter et Cary Cooper. 2001. « Occupational Stress: Toward a More Integrated Framework ». Handbook of Industrial, Work and Organizational Psychology, Volume 2: Organizational Psychology. N. Anderson, D.S. Ones, H. Sinangil et C. Viswesvaran, dir. Thousand Oaks : Sage Publications, 93-114. 10.1108/eb001309 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Houdmont, Jonathan et Stavroula Leka. 2010. « An Introduction to Occupational Health Psychology ». Occupational Health Psychology. S. Leka et J. Houdmont, dir. Chichester, UK : Wiley-Blackwell, 1-30.10.1037/0735-7028.30.2.123 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Houdmont, Jonathan, Stavroula Leka et Carrie Bulger. 2008. « The Definition of Curriculum Areas in Occupational Health Psychology ». Occupational Health Psychology. S. Leka et J. Houdmont, dir. Nottingham, UK: Nottingham University Press, 145-169.10.1111/j.1467-6486.2007.00684.x Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Kelloway, E. Kevin et Arla Day. 2005. « Building Healthy Workplaces: Where We Need to Be ». Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 37 (4), 309-312.10.1037/h0087265 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Kelloway, E. Kevin et Julian Barling. 2010. « Leadership Development as an Intervention in Occupational Health Psychology ». Work & Stress, 24 (3), 260-279.10.1080/02678373.2010.518441 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Keyes, Corey L. M. 2003. « Complete Mental Health: An Agenda for the 21st Century ». Flourishing: Positive Psychology and the Life Well-lived. C.L.M. Keyes, dir. Washington : American Psychological Association, 293-312. 10.1037/10594-013 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Lent, Robert W. 2004. « Toward a Unifying Theoretical and Practical Perspective on Well-Being and Psychosocial Adjustment ». Journal of Counseling Psychology, 51 (4), 482-509. 10.1037/0022-0167.51.4.482 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Lyden, Julie et William Klingele. 2000. « Supervising Organizational Health ». SuperVision, 61 (12), 3-6.10.5271/sjweh.3076 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Macik-Frey, Marilyn, James C. Quick et Debra Nelson. 2007. « Advances in Occupational Health: From a Stressful Beginning to a Positive Future ». Journal of Management, 33 (6), 809-840.10.1177/0149206307307634 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Manderscheid, Ronald W., Carol D. Ryff, Elsie J. Freeman, Lela R. McKnight-Eily, Satvinder Dhingra et Tara W. Strine. 2010. « Evolving Definitions of Mental Illness and Wellness ». Preventing Chronic Disease, 7 (1). 10.1136/oem.56.5.302 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Marchand, Alain, Andrée Demers et Pierre Durand. 2005. « Does Work Really Cause Distress? The Contribution of Occupational Structure and Work Organization to the Experience of Psychological Distress ». Social Science & Medicine, 61 (1), 1-14.10.1016/j.socscimed.2004.11.037 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Marklund, Stafan, Malin Bolin et Jan von Essen. 2008. « Can Individual Health Differences Be Explained by Workplace Characteristics? A Multilevel Analysis ». Social Science & Medicine, 66 (3), 650-662.10.1016/j.socscimed.2007.09.008 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Miles, Matthew B. 1965. « Planned Change and Organizational Health: Figure and Ground ». Organizations and Human Behavior. F.D. Carver et T.J. Sergiovvani, dir. New York, NY : McGraw-Hill, 375-391.10.1037/10474-004 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Norris, Anne. 1997. « Immigrants Avoid Mental Health Care ». The Gazette, Montréal, 11 Juin, A1-A2.Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Organisation mondiale de la Santé (OMS). 1948. Préambule à la Constitution de l’Organisation mondiale de la Santé, tel qu’adopté par la Conférence internationale sur la Santé, New York, 19-22 juin 1946; signé le 22 juillet 1946 par les représentants de 61 États. 1946; (Actes officiels de l’Organisation mondiale de la Santé, no 2, p. 100) et entrée en vigueur le 7 avril 1948.
10.7202/001094ar Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Page, Kathryn M. et Dianne A. Vella-Brodrick. 2009. « The “What”, “Why” and “How” of Employee Well-being: A New Model ». Social Indicators Research, 90 (3), 441-458.10.1007/s11205-008-9270-3 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Paliwoda, Stanley. 1983. « Predicting the Future Using Delphi ». Management Decision, 21 (1), 31-38.10.1108/eb001309 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Quick, James C. 1999. « Occupational Health Psychology: The Convergence of Health and Clinical Psychology with Public Health and Preventive Medicine in an Organizational Context ». Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 30 (2), 23-128.10.1037/0735-7028.30.2.123 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Quick, James C., Marilyn Macik-Frey et Cary Cooper. 2007. « Managerial Dimensions of Organizational Health: The Healthy Leader at Work ». Journal of Management Studies, 44 (2), 189-205.10.1111/j.1467-6486.2007.00684.x Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Ransome, Paul. 2007. « Conceptualizing the Boundaries between “Life” and “Work” ». International Journal of Human Resource Management, 18 (3), 374-386. 10.1080/09585190601167425 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Rojas, Mariano. 2006. « Life Satisfaction and Satisfaction in Domains of Life: Is It a Simple Relationship? ». Journal of Happiness Studies, 7 (4), 467-497. 10.1007/s10902-006-9009-2 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Rosen, Robert H. 1991. The Healthy Company: Eight Strategies to Develop People, Productivity, and Profits. Los Angeles : Jeremy P. Tarcher.Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Ryff, Carol D. et Burton Singer. 1998. « The Contours of Positive Human Health ». Psychological Inquiry, 9 (1), 1-28. 10.1207/s15327965pli0901_1 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Saldaña, Johnny. 2009. The Coding Manual for Qualitative Researchers. London, Thousand Oaks : Sage Publications.Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Schaufeli, Wilmar B. 2004. « The Future of Occupational Health Psychology ». Applied Psychology : An International Review, 53 (4), 502-517.10.1111/j.1464-0597.2004.00184.x Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Schulte, Paul et Harry Vainio. 2010. « Well-being at Work : Overview and Perspective ». Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, 36 (5), 422-429.10.5271/sjweh.3076 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Seligman, Martin E. P. 2008. « Positive Health ». Applied Psychology: An International Review, 57, 3-18.10.1111/j.1464-0597.2008.00351.x Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Stansfeld, Stefen, Rebecca Fuhrer, Martin Shipley et Michael Marmot. 1999. « Work Characteristics Predict Psychiatric Disorder: Prospective Results from the Whitehall II Study ». Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 56 (5), 302-307.10.1136/oem.56.5.302 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Steger, Michael F. et Bryan J. Dik. 2009. « If One is Looking for Meaning in Life, Does it Help to Find Meaning in Work? ». Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being, 1 (3), 303-320.10.1111/j.1758-0854.2009.01018.x Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Tetrick, Lois et James C. Quick. 2003. « Prevention at Work: Public Health in Occupational Settings ». Handbook of Occupational Health Psychology. J.C. Quick et L.E. Tetrick, dir. Washington : American Psychological Association, 3-17.10.1037/10474-001 Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Tetrick, Lois, James C. Quick et Jonathan D. Quick. 2005. « Prevention Perspectives in Occupational Health Psychology ». Research Companion to Organizational Health Psychology. A.-S.G. Antoniou et C. Cooper, dir. Northampton : Edward Elgar, 209-217.Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Warr, Peter. 1990. « Twelve Questions on Unemployment and Health ». Bulletin de psychologie, 41 (1-6), 175-185. Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Watson Wyatt. 2005. Au travail! Vers une organisation en santé. Canada : Watson Wyatt.Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
