Perceptions de la complexité chez les acteurs de projet : une étude exploratoire internationale par les situations managériales

Leroy, Daniel; Kama, Joseph

doi:https://doi.org/10.59876/a-6m4n-vyx0

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Résumé

En mobilisant deux dimensions (évaluation personnelle et instanciation), cet article se propose d’identifier et de caractériser les situations de management perçues comme complexes dans les projets. À travers une enquête internationale, l’analyse de 40 224 situations de management selon six dimensions qualitatives caractérisant la complexité subjective fait émerger une typologie en quatre clusters : les situations ordinaires, à forte exigence, à défi personnel et inductrices de stress.

En testant la robustesse de cette matrice en fonction de caractéristiques spécifiques des projets ou des répondants, cette typologie est vérifiée tout en révélant des spécificités intra-cluster très intéressantes. En discutant de l’intérêt de cette typologie de la complexité perçue, une approche renouvelée de coaching managérial différencié des acteurs projet est proposée.

Mots-clés :

situation de management de projet,
évaluation individuelle,
instanciation,
complexité

Abstract

By mobilizing two dimensions (personal evaluation and instantiation), this article aims to identify and characterize the management situations perceived like complex in projects. Through an international survey, the analysis of 40,224 management situations according to six qualitative dimensions characterizing subjective complexity reveals a typology in four clusters: ordinary, high demands, personal challenges and stress-inducing situations.

By testing the robustness of this matrix depending on specific characteristics of project types and respondents, this typology is verified while revealing very interesting intra-cluster specificities. By discussing the interest of this typology of perceived complexity, a renewed approach to differentiated managerial coaching of project actors is proposed.

Keywords:

Project management situation,
individual evaluation,
instantiation,
complexity

Resumen

A partir de dos dimensiones (evaluación personal e instanciación), este artículo se propone identificar y caracterizar las situaciones de gestión percibidas como complejas en los proyectos. A través de una encuesta internacional, el análisis de 40224 situaciones de gestión según seis dimensiones cualitativas que caracterizan la complejidad subjetiva da lugar a una tipología en cuatro grupos: situaciones ordinarias, muy exigentes, personalmente desafiantes e inductoras de estrés.

Al comprobar la solidez de esta matriz en relación con las características específicas de los proyectos o de los encuestados, se verifica esta tipología, al tiempo que se revelan especificidades intracluster muy interesantes. Discutiendo el interés de esta tipología de complejidad percibida, se propone un enfoque renovado del coaching directivo diferenciado de los actores del proyecto.

Palabras clave:

Situación de gestión de proyectos,
evaluación individual,
instanciación,
complejidad

Appendices

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