Abstracts
Résumé
La délocalisation d’activités à l’étranger est une pratique de plus en plus répandue dans les entreprises, avec pour conséquence d’accroître les différences culturelles auxquelles les entreprises sont confrontées. L’analyse qualitative de 76 articles sur la période 1996-2009 provenant de 26 revues internationales de gestion montre que la culture est uniquement présentée comme une menace pour les entreprises qui délocalisent, et ce, en dépit d’une littérature sur la diversité nettement plus positive sur le sujet. Cet article propose des pistes de réflexion développant une perspective plus nuancée des différences culturelles dans le contexte des délocalisations.
Mots-clés :
- Délocalisation,
- culture,
- diversité,
- différences culturelles
Abstract
Offshoring of services is an increasingly frequent practice among firms. The employment of foreign workers directly leads to cultural diversification of human resources within the business’s value chain. An overview of 76 papers published between 1996 and 2009 in 26 international management journals reveals that culture is exclusively presented as a threat, despite the existence of a literature clearing pointing out the benefits of diversity. Here we propose paths for future research aimed at developing of more nuanced perspective about cultural diversity in an offshoring context.
Keywords:
- Offshoring,
- culture,
- diversity,
- cultural differences
Resumen
La subcontratación « offshore » de servicios es una práctica cada vez más frecuente en las empresas. Una de las consecuencias directas de la utilización de trabajadores « offshore » es el incremento de la diversidad cultural de los recursos humanos que participan en la cadena de valor. Un análisis de 76 artículos de 1996 a 2009, de 26 revistas internacionales de gestión muestra que la cultura es exclusivamente presentada como un riesgo para la empresa, a pesar de la existencia de literatura que se muestra positiva cuanto al tema. Este trabajo de investigación propone una perspectiva moderada de la diversidad cultural en el contexto de la deslocalización offshore.
Palabras clave:
- Deslocalización,
- cultura,
- diversidad,
- diferencias culturales
Appendices
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