Abstracts
Abstract
This article considers the rise of provenance in nineteenth-century Europe through a case study of manuscript research. In the early 1850s, Benedictine scholar Beda Dudík was sent to Stockholm and Rome by the Committee of the Moravian Estates in Habsburg Austria to trace manuscript objects abducted from Moravia (Mähren) by Swedish commanders during the Thirty Years’ War (1618–1648). This article considers Dudík’s work with the manuscripts by combining perspectives from book history with those of the history of historiography and the history of ideas and science: I examine the ways in which Dudík worked with classification, and how this work was influenced by source fetishization. Dudík’s work with the manuscripts, recorded in his publications and notes, reveals that provenance is a transformable epistemic category. Moravian interest in provenance reflects their sense of scholarly inferiority, and the changing view of heritage as a public matter, collectively fetishized. In conclusion, the Moravian case illustrates just how significant historical materiality was to people of marginal lands, as inquiries into provenance can be a means of asserting historical existence.
Keywords:
- Manuscript materiality,
- nineteenth‑century historiography,
- provenance research,
- Moravian history,
- the Swedish Royal Library,
- the Vatican Library
Résumé
Cet article s’intéresse à la notion de provenance dans l’Europe du XIXe siècle par l’entremise de l’étude d’un manuscrit. Au début des années 1850, le savant bénédictin Beda Dudík est dépêché à Stockholm et à Rome par le comité des États de Moravie dans l’Autriche des Habsbourg. On le presse de retrouver la trace d’objets manuscrits dérobés en Moravie (Mähren) par des officiers suédois durant la guerre de Trente Ans (1618-1648). L’oeuvre de Dudík sur les manuscrits est ici examinée selon diverses perspectives : celle de l’histoire du livre, mais aussi celles de l’histoire de l’historiographie, et de l’histoire de la science et des idées. Je me penche particulièrement sur la classification opérée par Dudík et sur la manière dont celle-ci fut influencée par une certaine fétichisation des sources. Les publications et les notes colligées par le savant révèlent que la provenance constitue une catégorie épistémique transformable. L’attrait morave pour cette provenance tient alors à un certain sentiment d’infériorité sur le plan de l’érudition, et à l’émergence d’une nouvelle conception du patrimoine, désormais d’intérêt public, en quelque sorte fétichisé par le collectif. En conclusion, l’exemple de la Moravie aide à comprendre la signification que revêtait la matérialité historique pour la population de contrées marginales, l’établissement de la provenance se révélant une manière d’affirmer son existence historique.
Mots-clés :
- Matérialité du manuscrit,
- historiographie du xixe siècle,
- recherche de provenance,
- histoire de la Moravie,
- Bibliothèque royale de Suède,
- Bibliothèque apostolique vaticane
Appendices
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