ror.org/051kpcy16
Abstracts
Résumé
Le présent article propose une lecture critique des recherches antérieures qui ont tendance à réduire la complexité de l’échec entrepreneurial. Cette réduction se traduit par une approche unidimensionnelle qui se recentre sur l’unique facette financière de la défaillance d’entreprise, par une approche binaire qui oppose les entreprises performantes à celles qui sont défaillantes, ou encore par une approche linéaire qui explique l’échec entrepreneurial par l’influence marginale d’un nombre limité de facteurs. Articulé autour de trois principales approches : l’approche déterministe centrée sur l’environnement, l’approche organisationnelle centrée sur l’entreprise et l’approche psychologique centrée sur l’entrepreneur, cet article propose une approche holistique de l’échec entrepreneurial en intégrant les dimensions stratégique, managériale et sociale. Fondé sur l’approche configurationnelle, le présent article propose également une typologie qui peut servir de cadre conceptuel pour mieux appréhender le caractère à la fois multifactoriel, multidimensionnel et multiforme de l’échec entrepreneurial.
Mots-clés:
- Échec entrepreneurial,
- Défaillance d’entreprise,
- Entrepreneur,
- Typologie
Abstract
This article provides a critical review of a previous research paper that tends to reduce the complexity of entrepreneurial failure. This reduction is reflected on a unidimensional approach that focuses on the single financial facet of business failure, a binary approach that contrasts the well-performing firms with those that are failing, or a linear approach that explains entrepreneurial failure by the marginal influence of a limited number of factors. Articulated around three main approaches: the deterministic approach (environmental level of analysis), the organizational approach (firm level of analysis), and the psychological approach (individual level of analysis), this article provides a holistic approach to entrepreneurial failure by integrating strategic, managerial and social dimensions. Based on the configurational approach, this article also provides a typology that can be used as a conceptual framework for better understanding the multifactorial, multidimensional and multifaceted nature of entrepreneurial failure.
Keywords:
- Entrepreneurial failure,
- Business failure,
- Entrepreneur,
- Typology
Resumen
El presente artículo propone una lectura crítica de investigaciones anteriores que tienen tendencia a reducir la complejidad del fracaso empresarial. Esta reducción se traduce en un enfoque unidimensional, focalizado solo en la faceta financiera del fracaso de las empresas para constituir un binario en el cual las empresas competentes se oponen a las incompetentes, o aún lineal, según el cual el fracaso emprendedor se explica por la influencia marginal de un número limitado de factores. Articulados alrededor de tres enfoques principales, a saber, determinista focalizado en el ambiente, organizacional focalizado en la empresa y sicológico focalizado en el emprendedor, este artículo se propone abrir algunas pistas de reflexión para adoptar un enfoque más holístico del fracaso empresarial. Su contenido puede servir de marco teórico para comprender mejor el carácter a la vez multifactorial, multidimensional y multiforme de este tipo de fracaso.
Palabras clave:
- Fracaso empresarial,
- Quiebra de empresas,
- Emprendedor,
- Tipología
Appendices
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