Abstracts
Résumé
Les recherches sur le développement durable (DD) au sein des PME se multiplient depuis 10 ans. Elles ont permis de clarifier les principaux concepts et de partager un ensemble de constats, particulièrement à propos des « freins à l’engagement » et des retombées positives liées à celui-ci. Malgré ce volume de travaux, nous savons peu de choses sur les facteurs qui favorisent cet engagement, si ce n’est que les valeurs du dirigeant l’alimentent. Mais qu’en est-il des autres déterminants possibles ? L’intérêt de cette question est lié d’une part au constat d’une nécessaire implication des PME pour s’approcher d’un réel DD et, d’autre part, aux besoins des pouvoirs publics et des organismes d’accompagnement qui souhaitent « mieux » soutenir les dirigeants dans la mise en place des pratiques de DD. Les résultats d’une enquête à laquelle ont répondu 314 dirigeants de PME québécoises révèlent qu’une combinaison de facteurs contextuels, organisationnels et individuels a une influence sur la sensibilité des PME au DD. Ainsi, pour les accompagner sur cette voie, il faut agir à la fois sur les contextes dans lesquels elles opèrent, notamment auprès des organismes régionaux où elles sont implantées, sur leurs capacités organisationnelles, particulièrement celles liées à l’innovation, et surtout sur les valeurs du dirigeant. Cependant, ces actions devront être modulées selon la taille des PME, laquelle joue un rôle majeur sur les facteurs à mobiliser.
Mots-clés :
- Développement durable,
- Responsabilité sociale des entreprises,
- PME
Abstract
Research concerning SMEs and sustainable development (SD) has witness a lot of papers during the past 10 years. These works have clarified some key-concepts and has generated new facts about barriers to SMEs commitment and the benefits related to it. Despite this volume of work, our knowledge about factors that favor this commitment is still limited. Considering that, it becomes interesting and pertinent to find out whether there are some other factors influencing SMEs’ commitment ? This research question is legitimate by government and support agencies needs to better support SMEs as far as SD implementation is concerned, and by the fact that SMEs involvement is necessary for a more effective SD agenda. Our survey of 314 SMEs’ owner-managers in Québec reveals that SMEs sensitivity to SD is influenced by a combination of contextual, organizational and individual factors. Thus, effective support to SMEs in this area requires actions on the contexts in which they operate, namely regional bodies operating where they are located, on their organizational capacities, particularly those related to innovation, and on the owner-manager’s values. However, these actions should be adjusted to SMEs’ size, which is a key contingency factor.
Keywords:
- Sustainable development,
- Corporate social responsibility,
- SMEs
Resumen
Las investigaciones sobre el Desarrollo Sostenible (DS) en las PyMEs están aumentando desde hace 10 años. Éstas han ayudado a aclarar conceptos y a compartir un conjunto de observaciones hechas, en particular sobre los obstáculos a la acción de la misma y los beneficios relacionados con esta. A pesar de este volumen de investigación, sabemos poco de los factores que promueven este compromiso. La identificación de estos factores es el objetivo que confiere este artículo. El interés en este tema se relaciona, en primer lugar, a la necesaria participación de las PyMEs para acercarse a un DS real y, en segundo lugar, a las necesidades de las autoridades públicas y de las organizaciones de apoyo que deseen ayudar a los líderes de las PyMEs en la implementación de prácticas de DS. Los resultados de una encuesta de trescientos líderes de PYME sugieren que esta es la combinación de influencias contextuales, institucionales e individuales sobre las PyMEs en el camino hacia un DS. Por lo tanto, para acompañarlos en este camino, tenemos que actuar tanto en los contextos en los que operan, a su capacidad de organización, en particular las relacionados con la innovación, y sobre todo en las valores del líder.
Palabras clave:
- Desarrollo sostenible,
- Responsabilidad social corporativa,
- PyMEs
Appendices
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