Abstracts
Résumé
L’objectif de cet article est d’étudier la pertinence des différentes théories de financement dans l’explication du choix de la structure du capital au sein des petites et moyennes entreprises industrielles tunisiennes (PMI). Nous avons effectué une analyse empirique sur 300 PMI tunisiennes durant la période allant de 1997 à 2003. Nos résultats montrent que la décision de financement dans ces entreprises pourrait être expliquée par les principales théories de structure du capital (théorie fiscale, théorie de l’endettement optimal et théorie du financement hiérarchique). La théorie du financement hiérarchique semble le mieux convenir pour expliquer la politique de financement des PMI.
Mots-clés :
- Petites et moyennes entreprises,
- Structure du capital,
- Entreprises tunisiennes
Abstract
The principal aim of this paper is to test the relevance of the different financing theories used to explain the capital structure of the Tunisian small and medium enterprises (SME). To establish the main determinants of their capital structure, our study is based on a sample of 300 SME, over a period from 1997 to 2003. Our results show that the financing decision in these companies could be explained by the main capital structure theories: fiscal theory, trade-off theory and pecking order theory. Among all these theories, the pecking order theory seems to fit in the explanation of SMEs debt policy.
Resumen
La puntería principal de este papel es probar la importancia de las diversas teorías del financiamiento usadas para explicar la estructura de capital de las empresas pequeñas y medias tunecinas (PyMEs). Para establecer los determinantes principales de su estructura de capital, nuestro estudio se basa en una muestra de 300 PyMEs, sobre un período 1997-2003. Nuestros resultados demuestran que la decisión del financiamiento en estas compañías se podría explicar por la teoría principal de la estructura de capital: teoría fiscal, teoría de la compensación y pico-tear teoría de la orden. Entre todas estas teorías, la teoría de la orden que picotea se parece caber en la explicación de la política de la deuda de PyMEs.
Zusammenfassung
Die Zielsetzung dieses Artikels besteht darin, die Aussagekraft verschiedener Finanzierungstheorien bei der Wahl der Struktur des Kapitals von kleinen und mittleren tunesischen Industrieunternehmen zu untersuchen. Wir haben eine empirische Untersuchung während 1997 bis 2003 bei 300 besagten tunesischen Unternehmen durchgeführt. Die erhaltenen Resultate zeigen auf, dass die Ent-scheidung über die Art der Finanzierung in diesen Unternehmen mit den gängig-sten Finanzierungstheorien (Steuer-Theorie, Theorie der optimalen Verschuldung und Theorie der hierarchischen Finanzierung) erklärt werden kann. Die Theorie der hierarchischen Finanzierung scheint sich am besten zur Erklärung der Finanzierungspolitik zu eignen.
Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Finanzierungsentscheidungen in die-sen Unternehmen durch die wesentlichen Theorien der Kapitalstruktur erklärt werden könnte (fiskalische Theorie, Theorie der optimalen Verschuldung und hier-archische Finanzierungstheorie). Die hierarchische Finanzierungstheorie ist am besten geeignet, um die Finanzierungspolitik der kleinen und mittleren Industri-eunternehmen zu erklären.
Appendices
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