Abstracts
Résumé
Cette recherche sur l’échange de documents informatisés (EDI) vise à déterminer les avantages que retirent les organisations de cette nouvelle technologie, à comprendre d’où viennent ces avantages et à comparer la situation prévalant dans les PME par rapport à celle retrouvée dans les grandes organisations. Les résultats obtenus indiquent que l’EDI procure aux entreprises divers avantages tels qu’une diminution des coûts administratifs et une amélioration de la rapidité des transactions. Il apparaît aussi que ces avantages dépendent de divers facteurs tels que le degré d’intégration de l’EDI à l’intérieur comme à l’extérieur de l’entreprise et la qualité du processus d’implantation. De nombreuses différences entre les PME et les grandes entreprises ont été observées relativement à leur usage de l’EDIt aux facteurs de succès et aux avantages monétaires qu’elles en retirent.
Mots-clés :
- EDI,
- Échange de documents informatisés,
- PME,
- Facteurs de succès,
- Avantages
Abstract
An empirical study of 140 organizations was conducted to investigate the benefits organizations could obtain from electronic data interchange (EDI), the success factors of EDI implementation, and the differences among SMEs and large organizations. The results indicate that EDI brings various benefits such as a lowering of administrative costs and improvements in transaction speed and quality of information. These benefits can be obtained dependent upon success factors such as the organizational integration of EDI, the quality of the implementation process and the organizational support. Various differences relative to EDI usage, success factors and monetary benefits were observed between SMEs and larger organizations.
Resumen
La investigación sobre el intercambio de documentos informatizados (EDI) nos lleva a determinar las ventajas que obtienen las organizaciones con esta nueva tecnología. El objeto es comprender de donde vienen estas ventajas y comparar la situación predominante en las pequeñas y medianas empresas (PyMEs) con las encontradas en las grandes organizaciones. Los resultados obtenidos indican que el EDI proporciona a las empresas diversas ventajas tales como una disminución de los costos administrativos y una mejoría en la velocidad de la transacciones. Pareciera también que estas ventajas dependen de diversos factores tales como el grado de integración del EDI tanto al interior como al exterior de la empresa y la calidad de los procesos de implementacion o implantación. Numerosas diferencias entre la PyME y las grandes empresas fueron observadas; estas diferencias son relativas a la utilización des EDI, los factores de éxito y las ventajas monetarias que predominan.
Appendices
Bibliographie
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