Abstracts
Résumé
Les ratés qu’a récemment connus la consolidation de la paix en Bosnie-Herzégovine sont attribués à l’immaturité des politiciens, à leur atavisme communiste et à leur électoralisme. Dans cet article, il est estimé que ces comportements politiques correspondent à des stratégies rationnelles s’ils sont remis dans leur contexte. Ce retour à des stratégies d’obstruction y est attribué à l’érosion de l’arrangement informel conclu entre les acteurs locaux et internationaux. En échange de la collaboration des élites nationales aux réformes, l’autorité extérieure agissait jusqu’à récemment comme garde-fou contre les idées radicales et en tant que despote éclairé, évitant aux élus d’assumer les coûts politiques de leurs décisions. Le retrait international hésitant a érodé cet échange de bons procédés et a amené les élites locales à réorganiser leurs stratégies politiques.
Mots-clés :
- Bosnie-Herzégovine,
- intervention internationale,
- consolidation de la paix
Abstract
The recent backlash of the peacebuilding operation in Bosnia-Herzegovina has been explained by the local elites’ political immaturity, communist background and electoral strategies. This article argues that it can be explained by the erosion of the informal agreement between local parties and interveners. In return for the local elites’ cooperation, the external authorities used to contain radical factions, and had installed a “benevolent autocracy” that spared the elected officials from assuming the political costs of taking decisions. The international wavering on the exit strategy put an end to this understanding, which led to the reorganisation of local political strategies.
Keywords:
- Bosnia and Herzegovina,
- international intervention,
- peacebuilding
Appendices
Bibliographie
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