Abstracts
Résumé
Plusieurs modèles tentent de généraliser la réforme chinoise, mais le plus populaire, le consensus de Beijing, ne correspond pas à l’expérience chinoise. J’estime qu’il faut décrire cette expérience comme une « voie » plutôt que comme un « modèle » ou un « paradigme ». La voie chinoise de développement est un processus graduel, expérimental et simultané d’industrialisation, de marchéisation et de mondialisation sous la direction de l’État, un processus de libéralisation économique sans libéralisation politique. L’industrialisation est propulsée par le capital, la main-d’oeuvre et la technologie ; la marchéisation est introduite par la création d’un marché en dehors du plan étatique ; et la mondialisation est réalisée par une stratégie d’orientation vers l’exportation.
Mots-clés:
- Chine,
- réforme,
- économie,
- développement,
- voie,
- modèle
Abstract
Many models have been proposed to generalize China’s economic reform, but the most popular “Beijing Consensus” model is not a proper description of China’s development experience. It is more accurate to portray this experience as a “path” instead of a “model” or a “paradigm”. The Chinese Path of development can be seen as a gradual, experimental and simultaneous process of industrialization, marketization and globalization under the guidance of the market-preserving state, a process of economic liberalization without political liberalization. Industrialization is propelled by capital, labor and technology, marketization is implemented by the creation of a market outside of the plan, and globalization is achieved through a export-oriented strategy.
Keywords:
- China,
- reform,
- economy,
- development,
- path,
- model
Appendices
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