Abstracts
Résumé
Bien qu’il n’existe pas de typologie définitive des caractéristiques des agresseurs sexuels à l’égard d’enfants, la documentation scientifique révèle la présence de distorsions cognitives et de traits de personnalité impliqués dans l’étiologie et le maintien des comportements sexuels déviants. Ces facteurs étant également associés au risque de récidive, ils constituent des cibles de traitement de première importance. La présente étude a pour objectif d’examiner l’évolution des distorsions cognitives et des traits de personnalité d’hommes en traitement pour agressions sexuelles à l’égard d’enfants. L’échantillon est composé de 134 agresseurs sexuels intrafamiliaux, recrutés à leur entrée au Programme d’évaluation et de traitement des agressions sexuelles (PÉTAS). Ceux-ci sont évalués à trois reprises, soit à leur entrée au PÉTAS, ainsi qu’à la fin de la première et de la deuxième année de traitement. Les résultats montrent des diminutions significatives sur l’ensemble des distorsions cognitives de nature sexuelle, une diminution du névrosisme et une augmentation de l’extraversion entre les temps de mesure. Sur le plan individuel, des proportions importantes d’hommes présentent des améliorations sur la majorité des variables mesurées. Ces résultats soutiennent la malléabilité des distorsions cognitives et de certains traits de personnalité et appuient l’efficacité du PÉTAS.
Mots-clés :
- Agresseurs sexuels,
- distorsions cognitives,
- personnalité,
- traitement
Abstract
Although there is no clear typology of the characteristics of child molesters, the scientific literature highlights cognitive distortions and a constellation of maladaptive personality traits involved in the development and maintenance of deviant sexuality. As these factors also contribute to the development of dysfunctional sexual behaviors and to the risk of recidivism, they may be key targets for intervention. The current study examines changes in cognitive distortions and personality traits in men being treated for child sexual abuse. The sample was composed of 134 intrafamilial child molesters enrolled in an evaluation and treatment program for sexual abuse. Participants were assessed three times : at their admission to the program and after the first and second year of treatment. Results suggest significant decreases in cognitive distortions as well as decreases in neuroticism and increases in extraversion. At the individual level, a meaningful proportion of men showed improvements on most of the variables assessed. These findings support the plasticity of personality and cognitive distortions in child molesters and provide evidence for the effectiveness of the program.
Keywords:
- Child sexual abuse,
- cognitive distortions,
- personality,
- treatment
Resumen
Aunque no existe una tipología definitiva de las características de los agresores sexuales de niños, la documentación científica revela la presencia de distorsiones cognitivas y de rasgos de personalidad implicados en la etiología y en el mantenimiento de comportamientos sexuales desviados. Dichos factores están igualmente asociados al riesgo de reincidencia y constituyen objetivos de tratamiento de primera importancia. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo examinar la evolución de las distorsiones cognitivas y de los rasgos de personalidad de hombres en terapia por agresiones sexuales a niños. La muestra está compuesta por 134 agresores sexuales intrafamiliares reclutados en su entrada al Programa de evaluación y de tratamiento de situaciones de agresiones sexuales (PÉTAS). Éstos son evaluados en tres oportunidades, es decir, al comienzo del PÉTAS, y también al final del premier y del segundo año de tratamiento. Los resultados muestran bajas significativas del conjunto de distorsiones cognitivas de naturaleza sexual, una disminución de la neurosis y una aumentación de la extraversión entre los tiempos de medida. En el plano individual, una proporción importante de los hombres presentan mejoras sobre la mayoría de las variables medidas. Estos resultados apoyan la maleabilidad de las distorsiones cognitivas y de ciertos rasgos de personalidad, y apoyan la eficacidad del PÉTAS.
Palabras clave:
- Agresores sexuales,
- distorsiones cognitivas,
- personalidad,
- tratamiento
Appendices
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