Abstracts
Résumé
Plusieurs facteurs sont susceptibles d’influencer la dynamique des entrevues d’enquête menées auprès d’enfants que l’on soupçonne victimes d’agression sexuelle (AS). Cette étude vise à examiner l’effet du soutien de l’intervieweur, des caractéristiques de l’enfant et de l’AS alléguée sur la collaboration offerte par l’enfant. Ainsi, 90 entrevues conduites par des policiers auprès d’enfants âgés de 4 à 13 ans ont été transcrites et analysées à l’aide de grilles mesurant le soutien et le non-soutien offerts verbalement par les intervieweurs et les comportements de collaboration et de résistance exprimés par les enfants. Des analyses de variance multivariées indiquent que les intervieweurs se comportent de façon similaire, peu importe l’âge de l’enfant, et que les jeunes enfants collaborent significativement moins que les préadolescents. Les résultats des régressions multiples hiérarchiques indiquent que le soutien offert par l’intervieweur est un facteur important associé tant à la collaboration qu’à la résistance de l’enfant. Le soutien des intervieweurs est un facteur plus important que les caractéristiques des enfants ou de leurs agressions pour expliquer la résistance des enfants. La discussion aborde l’importance du soutien pour aider les enfants à collaborer lorsqu’ils dévoilent leur AS.
Mots-clés :
- Entrevues d’enquête,
- agression sexuelle,
- résistance de l’enfant,
- soutien de l’intervieweur,
- âge de l’enfant
Abstract
Several factors may influence the dynamics of investigative interviews conducted with children who are suspected victims of sexual abuse. This study examines the effect of the characteristics of the child, the nature of the sexual abuse, and support by the interviewer on children’s collaboration. A total of 90 interviews conducted by police officers with children aged between four and 13 years old were transcribed and analyzed using grids to measure the support and non-support offered by interviewers and the cooperation or reluctance expressed by the children. Results from MANOVA indicate that interviewers behave similarly regardless of the age of the child and that young children cooperate significantly less than pre-teens. Hierarchical multiple regressions indicated that the support offered by the interviewer is the most important factor associated with both cooperation and resistance on the part of the child. The level of interviewer support is an even better predictor of children’s resistance than the characteristics of the children or of the sexual abuse. The discussion underlines the importance of interviewer support in helping children collaborate when they are discussing sexual abuse.
Keywords:
- Investigative interviews,
- sexual abuse,
- child reluctance,
- interviewer’s support,
- child's age
Resumen
Diversos factores pueden influenciar la dinámica de las entrevistas de investigación llevadas a cabo con niños que pueden haber sido víctimas de agresión sexual (AS). El presente estudio examinara el efecto de apoyo del entrevistador, las características del niño y de la AS alegada, sobre la colaboración ofrecida por el niño. En total, 90 entrevistas a niños de entre 4 y 13 años, realizadas por policías, han sido transcriptas y analizadas con la ayuda de un modelo de análisis que mide el apoyo o el no-apoyo ofrecido verbalmente por los entrevistadores y los comportamientos de colaboración y de resistencia expresados por los niños. Los análisis de varianzas multivariadas indican que los entrevistadores se comportan de forma similar, poco importa la edad del niño y que los niños más pequeños colaboran significativamente menos que los preadolescentes. Los resultados de las regresiones múltiples jerárquicas indican que el apoyo ofrecido por el entrevistador es un factor importante asociado tanto a la colaboración como a la resistencia del niño. El apoyo de los entrevistadores es un factor más importante que las características de los niños o de sus agresiones sufridas para explicar la resistencia de éstos. La discusión aborda la importancia del apoyo para ayudar los niños a colaborar cuando desvelan su AS.
Palabras clave:
- Entrevistas de investigación,
- agresión sexual,
- resistencia del niño,
- apoyo del entrevistador,
- edad del niño
Appendices
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