Abstracts
Résumé
Cette étude explore l’impact et la nature de l’accumulation de victimisations sur la déviance autodéclarée des enfants et des jeunes adultes. Dans le cadre d’une enquête représentative menée auprès de ménages au Royaume-Uni en 2009, l’exposition à une gamme élargie d’expériences de victimisation ainsi que la délinquance autodéclarée ont été évaluées grâce à 4036 interviews auprès de participants de deux groupes : des enfants âgés de 11 à 17 ans et des jeunes adultes âgés de 18 à 24 ans. L’âge, le sexe (masculin) et le fait d’avoir vécu certaines formes de victimisation augmentaient considérablement les probabilités de polyvictimisation au cours de l’enfance. L’impact de la victimisation sur la délinquance variait selon le type de victimisation, le sexe et le groupe d’âge. La victimisation sexuelle durant l’enfance était fortement associée à la délinquance chez les femmes mais avait moins d’impact chez les hommes âgés de moins de 18 ans. La polyvictimisation avait le plus d’impact sur la délinquance des enfants âgés de 11 à 17 ans mais n’influençait pas significativement celle des jeunes femmes adultes. Les professionnels qui travaillent auprès des enfants et des jeunes doivent être à l’affût des concomitances et du caractère cumulatif de la victimisation durant l’enfance. Ils doivent également être outillés afin de repérer et d’aider ceux qui sont vulnérables à la polyvictimisation.
Mots-clés :
- Polyvictimisation,
- délinquance,
- victimisation pendant l’enfance,
- maltraitance,
- Royaume-Uni
Abstract
This paper extends work on the impact and nature of cumulative victimization on children’s, adolescents’ and young adults’ self-reported deviancy. As part of a representative UK household survey conducted in 2009, exposure to a wide range of victimization events and self-reported delinquency was assessed using 4036 interviews with participants from two age groups : children aged between 11 and 17 and young adults aged 18 to 24 years. Age, gender (being male), and experiencing certain types of victimization significantly increased the odds of experiencing lifetime childhood polyvictimization. The impact of victimization on delinquency varied by victimization type, gender and age group. Experiencing sexual victimization in childhood had a strong association with delinquency for females but had less impact on males under the age of 18. Polyvictimization had the greatest impact on delinquency among children aged 11 to 17 but it was not significant for young adult females. Professionals who work with children and young people need to be alert to the overlapping and cumulative aspects of child victimization and equipped to identify and respond to those vulnerable to being polyvictimized.
Keywords:
- Polyvictimization,
- delinquency,
- childhood victimization,
- child maltreatment,
- United Kingdom
Resumen
El presente estudio explora el impacto y la naturaleza de la acumulación de victimizaciones sobre la desviación autodeclarada de los niños, de los adolescentes y de los jóvenes adultos. En el marco de una estudio representativo llevado a cabo en 2009 en los hogares del Reino Unido, la exposición a una amplia gama de experiencias de victimización y de delincuencia autodeclarada han sido evaluadas gracias a 4.036 entrevistas a los participantes de dos grupos : niños entre 11 y 17 años de edad y jóvenes adultos cuyas edades estaban comprendidas entre los 18 y los 24 años. La edad, el sexo (masculino) y el hecho de haber vivido ciertas formas de victimización aumentaban considerablemente las probabilidades de victimización durante la infancia. El impacto de la victimización sobre la delincuencia variaba según el tipo de victimización, el sexo y el grupo etareo. La victimización sexual durante la infancia estaba fuertemente asociada a la delincuencia femenina, pero tenia menos impacto en los varones menores de 18 años. La polivictimización tenia mas impacto en los niños de entre 11 y 17 años, pero no influenciaba significativamente aquélla de las mujeres adultas. Los profesionales que trabajan con niños y jóvenes deben estar al tanto de las concomitancias y del carácter cumulativo de la victimización en la infancia. También deben estar formados para identificar y ayudar aquellos que son vulnerables a la polivictimizacion.
Palabras clave:
- Polivictimización,
- delincuencia en la infancia,
- maltrato,
- Reino Unido
Appendices
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