Abstracts
Abstract
Introduction: Health systems across Canada are facing high numbers of patients who use drugs (PWUD), have a diagnosed substance use disorder, or are experiencing a toxic drug poisoning event, necessitating innovative approaches to care. With high instances of toxic drug poisoning events, emergency department staff are facing increasing burnout and moral distress (Van Hout & O’Reilly, 2020). A quality improvement pilot-project was conducted with the aim of incorporating individuals with lived experience using unregulated drugs (i.e., peers) into emergency department teams to improve patient outcomes and enhance staff supports, in response to the significant impact of the toxic drug crisis on health-care systems.
Methods: The project used an overarching Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) quality improvement framework, and a mixed-methods, utilization-focused evaluation to assess the impacts of embedding peers into the emergency department. A mixed methods design was used to collect data from intake forms, patient/staff experience surveys, and a semi-structured focus group of peer support staff.
Results: The most common reasons for peer encounters (N = 764) were emotional support, harm reduction, referrals, witnessed consumption, and requests for basic necessities. The patient survey (N = 51) results demonstrated how the peers helped the majority of patients feel safe and more supported while accessing emergency care. ED staff (N = 22) shared positive experiences in the survey about the new peer program, highlighting improvements in patient support, increased access to harm reduction services, and the development of a more trusting healthcare system. During focus groups, peers (N = 2) outlined the importance of having this role embedded into emergency departments to ensure patients are receiving the care they need in a high-stress environment that, historically, has had the potential to cause significant harm through stigma and biases to PWUD.
Conclusion: Integrating peers in the ED during the toxic drug crisis improved support for both patients and staff. This approach also has the potential to boost staff morale, reduce workload stress, decrease stigma toward PWUD, and enhance patient care. Overall, the hope is that integrating peers optimizes resources and strengthens both patient and provider experiences.
Keywords:
- emergency department,
- drug use,
- toxic drug crisis,
- peer support workers,
- lived experience
Résumé
Introduction : Les systèmes de soins de santé du Canada affrontent un nombre élevé de patients qui utilisent des drogues (PUD), qui ont un diagnostic de trouble lié à l’utilisation de substances ou qui sont victimes d’un empoisonnement aux drogues illégales, ce qui rend nécessaire l’adoption d’approches novatrices en matière de soins. En raison du nombre élevé d’intoxications aux drogues, le personnel des services d’urgence est de plus en plus confronté à l’épuisement professionnel et à la détresse morale (Van Hout et O’Reilly, 2020). Un projet pilote d’amélioration de la qualité a été mené pour incorporer des personnes ayant une expérience de la consommation de drogues illégales (c’est-à-dire des pairs) dans les équipes des services d’urgence afin d’améliorer les résultats pour les patients et de renforcer le soutien du personnel, pour répondre à l’impact significatif de la crise des drogues illégales toxiques sur les systèmes de soins de santé.
Méthodes : Le projet s’est appuyé sur un cadre d’amélioration de la qualité Planifier-Exécuter-Étudier-Agir (PEÉA) et sur une évaluation à méthodes mixtes axée sur l’utilisation pour évaluer l’impact de l’intégration des pairs dans le service des urgences. Un modèle de méthodes mixtes a été adopté pour recueillir des données à partir de formulaires d’admission, d’enquêtes sur l’expérience des patients et du personnel, et d’un groupe de discussion semi-structuré composé de membres du personnel de soutien par les pairs.
Résultats : Les principaux motifs de rencontre avec les pairs (n = 764) étaient le soutien émotionnel, la réduction des méfaits, un aiguillage, la consommation en présence d’un témoin et la demande de produits de nécessité de base. Selon les résultats de l’enquête auprès des patients (n = 51), les pairs ont aidé la majorité des patients à se sentir en sécurité et plus soutenus lorsqu’ils accédaient à des soins d’urgence. Les membres du personnel des urgences (n = 22) se sont montrés positifs dans l’enquête sur le nouveau programme de pairs, soulignant l’amélioration du soutien aux patients, l’accès accru aux services de réduction des méfaits et les progrès d’un système de soins de santé plus fiable. Lors des groupes de discussion, les pairs (n = 2) ont signalé l’importance d’intégrer ce rôle dans les services d’urgence afin de s’assurer que les patients reçoivent les soins dont ils ont besoin dans un environnement à niveau de stress élevé qui, au fil du temps, a eu le potentiel de causer des dommages importants en raison de la stigmatisation et des préjugés à l’égard des PUD.
Conclusion : L’intégration d’intervenants en services de soutien aux pairs dans le service des urgences pendant la crise des drogues illégales toxiques a amélioré le soutien apporté aux patients et au personnel. Cette stratégie pourrait également améliorer le moral du personnel, réduire le stress de la charge de travail, diminuer les préjugés à l’égard des PUD et améliorer les soins prodigués aux patients. Le but est d’optimiser les ressources et de renforcer l’expérience vécue par les patients et les soignants en intégrant des pairs.
Mots-clés :
- service des urgences,
- consommation de drogues,
- crise des drogues illégales toxiques,
- soutien par les pairs,
- expérience vécue
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Appendices
Biographical notes
Janelle Tarnow is a registered nurse working as the regional emergency clinical nurse educator with Fraser Health Authority in British Columbia. She specializes in supporting emergency departments with toxic drug response and Indigenous cultural safety initiatives. She is currently completing a Master of Nursing in Advanced Practice Leadership at the University of Victoria and recently presented at the 2024 Health Quality B.C. Conference on the peers in emergency initiative. She loves traveling the world, waking up in the mountains, scuba diving and the Seahawks.
Rita Metwally is an evaluation specialist for the Toxic Drug Response and Priority Populations portfolio at Fraser Health. She is currently completing a Master’s in Public Administration from the Johnson-Shoyama School of Public Policy at the University of Saskatchewan. Rita is passionate about ensuring programs aimed at addressing social needs are successfully implemented, and she enjoys reading, dance, and spending time in nature when not at work.
Aven Sidhu is a quality improvement lead for the Clinical Quality & Patient Safety Department at Fraser Health. He holds a medical degree from the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland-Bahrain and a Master of Science (Public Health) from the London School of Health and Tropical Medicine. Aven is dedicated to translating data into actionable insights for clinical scenarios and identifying information that assesses the broader impact on the health system; he enjoys golf, hockey, and reading in his free time.
Jade Black is a Harm Reduction Lead for the Toxic Drug Response and Priority Populations Portfolio at Fraser Health Authority. She holds a Master’s Degree in Critical Criminology with a specialization in Addiction & Gender Studies. Jade is committed to supporting harm reduction best practice, engaging in community health research and advocating for women in education & the workplace. She enjoys Pilates, musical theatre and reading literature on personal wellness.
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Appendices
Notes biographiques
Janelle Tarnow est une infirmière autorisée qui travaille en tant qu’infirmière clinicienne éducatrice régionale pour les urgences auprès de l’autorité sanitaire du Fraser en Colombie-Britannique. Elle se spécialise dans le soutien aux services d’urgence concernant la réponse aux drogues toxiques et les initiatives de sécurité culturelle autochtone. Elle achève sa maîtrise en pratique infirmière avancée (Advanced Practice Leadership) à l’université de Victoria et a récemment donné une présentation à la conférence 2024 Health Quality B.C. sur l’initiative des pairs dans les services d’urgence. Elle aime voyager à travers le monde, se réveiller dans les montagnes, faire de la plongée sous-marine et les Seahawks.
Rita Metwally est spécialiste de l’évaluation pour le programme Toxic Drug Response and Priority Populations de l’autorité sanitaire du Fraser. Elle achève sa maîtrise en administration publique à la Johnson-Shoyama School of Public Policy de l’université de la Saskatchewan. Rita se passionne pour la réussite des programmes visant à répondre aux besoins sociaux. Elle aime lire, danser et profiter de la nature lorsqu’elle n’est pas au travail.
Aven Sidhu est chef de l’amélioration de la qualité au sein du Clinical Quality & Patient Safety Department (département de la qualité clinique et de la sécurité des patients) de Fraser Health. Il est titulaire d’un diplôme de médecine du Royal College of Surgeons en Irlande et au Bahreïn et d’une maîtrise en sciences (santé publique) de la London School of Health and Tropical Medicine. Aven se consacre à la traduction des données en informations utiles pour les scénarios cliniques et à l’identification des informations qui évaluent l’impact global sur le système de santé. Durant son temps libre, il pratique le golf, le hockey et la lecture.
Jade Black est responsable de la réduction des méfaits au sein du portefeuille Toxic Drug Response and Priority Populations de l’autorité sanitaire du Fraser. Elle est titulaire d’une maîtrise en criminologie critique avec une spécialisation en toxicomanie et en études de genre. Jade se consacre au soutien des meilleures pratiques en matière de réduction des méfaits, à la recherche sur la santé communautaire et à la défense des femmes dans l’éducation et sur le lieu de travail. Elle aime le Pilates, les comédies musicales et la lecture de publications sur le bien-être personnel.