Abstracts
Résumé
Les différences et les revendications des Aborigènes n’ont jamais cessé d’être un élément dérangeant dans l’espace culturel et politique de la nation australienne. Même après trente ans de politiques d’autodétermination, les Aborigènes demeurent en marge de l’État-nation et de la société civile. On attend d’eux qu’ils deviennent des citoyens « responsables », dans le sens entendu par les démocraties modernes, et qu’ils adoptent les formes de socialité, de subjectivité et d’agencéité sanctionnées par l’État et la société néolibérale. En prenant comme exemple les Aborigènes du Désert occidental, j’expose comment ceux-ci conçoivent leurs responsabilités face à leur propre ordre social et cosmologique et j’interroge les difficultés de conjuguer celles-ci avec leurs responsabilités dites citoyennes.
Mots clés:
- Poirier,
- Aborigènes australiens,
- citoyenneté,
- différences culturelles,
- ontologie relationnelle,
- responsabilités sociales,
- autochtonie
Abstract
Aboriginal differences and claims have always represented a disturbing element in the political and cultural space of the Australian Nation. Even after thirty years of self-determination policies, the Aborigines remain on the fringe of the Nation State and civil society. The State expects them to become « responsible » citizens, in the sense conveyed by modern democracies ; it expects them to adopt the forms of sociality, subjectivity and agency sanctioned by the State and neoliberal society. With the example of the Aborigines of the Western Desert, I show how they conceive their responsibilities towards their own social and cosmological order and question the difficulty of aligning these with their responsibilities as Australian citizens.
Keywords:
- Poirier,
- Australian Aborigines,
- Citizenship,
- Cultural Differences,
- Relational Ontology,
- Social Responsibilities,
- Indigeneity
Resumen
Las diferencias y las reivindicaciones de los Aborígenes no han cesado de ser un elemento perturbador en el espacio cultural y político de la nación australiana. Incluso después de treinta años de políticas de autodeterminación, los Aborígenes viven al margen del Estado-nación y de la sociedad civil. Se espera que se conviertan en ciudadanos « responsables », en el sentido dado por las sociedades modernas, y que adopten las formas de socialización, de subjetividad y de agenceidad sancionadas por el Estado y la sociedad neoliberal. Tomando como ejemplo los Aborígenes del Desierto occidental, expongo su manera de concebir sus responsabilidades hacia su propio orden social y cosmológico y examino la dificultad de conjugar las responsabilidades ciudadanas con las de su orden social.
Palabras clave:
- Poirier,
- Aborígenes australianos,
- ciudadanía,
- diferencias culturales,
- ontología relacional,
- responsabilidades sociales,
- autoctonía
Appendices
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10.7202/015640ar