Abstracts
Résumé
Cet article analyse comment, dans la péninsule de Tchoukotka (extrémité orientale de la Russie), un groupe d’activistes autochtones recourt à son imagination afin de susciter des initiatives politiques signifiantes pour les peuples autochtones de la région. Depuis le début des années 1990, à Tchoukotka, les perspectives politiques autochtones ont été sérieusement restreintes par des restructurations politiques et des réformes économiques de style occidental. Cet article s’interroge sur la façon dont les possibilités politiques peuvent être créées et modelées. Il repose sur un contexte d’aspirations sociales. Pour apprécier son potentiel et sa force, le lecteur doit d’abord se familiariser avec les transformations politiques et économiques en cours en Russie, y compris le recours, encouragé par l’État, aux traditions autochtones, à la rhétorique et aux pratiques de salut et d’assistance, ainsi qu’aux difficultés de l’organisation en faveur des droits culturels. Au travers de ces prismes, j’observe la façon dont un rêve précis prend une signification pour les peuples faisant face à des dilemmes particuliers.
Mots-clés:
- Rethmann,
- rêve,
- perspectives politiques,
- organisation des droits culturels,
- tradition,
- politique,
- Tchoukotka,
- Tchouktches,
- renne,
- imagination
Abstract
This article analyzes the imagination of one group of native activists in the Chukotka Peninsula in the Russian Far East to find ways to create political initiatives that are meaningful to the region’s indigenous peoples. Since the beginning of the 1990s in Chukotka, indigenous political possibilities were severely limited by Western-style political restructuring and market reforms. This article asks how political possibilities can be crated and shaped. It is set within the context of a social dream. To appreciate its promise and force, readers must follow me through Russia’s current political and economic transformations, including state-sponsored uses of indigenous traditions, rhetorics and practices of salvation and assistance, and the dilemmas of cultural rights organizing. Through these prisms I examine how one particular dream comes to mean something to people caught in particular dilemmas.
Key words:
- Rethmann,
- dream,
- political possibility,
- cultural rights organizing,
- tradition,
- politics,
- Chukotka,
- Chukchi people,
- reindeer,
- imagination
Resumen
Este artículo analiza cómo, en la península de Chukotka (en la extremidad oriental de Rusia), un grupo de activistas autóctonos utiliza su imaginación para crear iniciativas políticas significativas para los pueblos autóctonos de la región. Desde principios de los años 1990, en Chukotka, las perspectivas políticas autóctonas han sido seriamente restringidas por las reestructuraciones políticas y las reformas económicas de estilo occidental. Este artículo se interroga sobre la manera en que dichas alternativas políticas pueden ser creadas y modeladas. Se apoya en un contexto de aspiraciones sociales. Para poder apreciar su potencial y su envergadura, el lector debe por principio familiarizarse con las transformaciones políticas y económicas que se están realizando en Rusia, incluyendo el recurso, fomentado por el Estado, a las tradiciones autóctonas, a la retórica y a las prácticas de redención y de asistencia, así como a las dificultades organizacionales en provecho de los derechos culturales. A través de estos prismas, observo la forma en que un sueño adquiere significado par los pueblos que confrontan dilemas particulares.
Palabras clave:
- Rethmann,
- sueño,
- perspectivas políticas,
- organización de los derechos culturales,
- tradición política,
- Chukotka,
- Chukches,
- reno
Appendices
Références
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